Top 50+ Morphology of Flowering Plants - Biology Questions and Answers For NEET 2024 Exam Preparation

Q1. Assertion: In mango and coconut , the fruit is known as drupe.

Reason: The fruit developed in above plant are monocarpellary superior ovary and are one seeded.

1. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
4. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer: (a)

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Q2. A sterile stamen is called

1. Epipetalous
2. Monadelphous
3. Epiphyllous
4. Staminode

Answer: (d)

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Q3. Most prominent function inflorescence is of

1. formation of more fruit
2. dispersal of seeds
3. formation of pollen grains
4. dispersal of pollens

Answer: (a)

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Q4. Aestivation in which members of a whorl lie close but do not overlap

1. Valvate
2. Vexillary
3. Imbricate
4. Twisted

Answer: (a)

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Q5. Prop roots of banyan tree are meant for

1. absorption of water from soil.
2. respiration.
3. providing support to Big Tree.
4. all of the above.

Answer: (c)

Some plants are profusely branched and branches are thick and heavy. From these branches, roots arise and hang downwards in the air and later penetrate the soil and function as prop (for support) to the branch, e.g., Ficus bengalensis (Banyan).

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Q6. Stems modified into flat green organs performing the functions of leaves are known as

1. scales
2. cladodes
3. phylloclades
4. phyllodes.

Answer: (c)

Phylloclades are flattened green stems which have taken over the function of photosynthesis while cladodes are only the branches of stem that are modified to take over the function of leaves.

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Q7. Syncarpous condition is found in

1. Lotus
2. Mustard
3. Rose
4. All of these

Answer: (b)

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Q8. Match the following columns.

1. A-2; B-1; C-4; D-3
2. A-1; B-2; C-3; D-4
3. A-4; B-2; C-1; D-3
4. A-2; B-4; C-1; D-3

Answer: (b)

Aleurone layer surrounds the tissue of monocot seed and is morphologically and biochemically distinct from the seed. It is a proteinaceous layer (surrounding the endosperm and separating embryo) which provides nutrition and helps in germination.

Parthenocarpic fruits are seedless fruits which develop without the fertilisation of egg cell present in the ovule of the plants.

The ovule contains the female reproductive unit, (embryo sac that develops into a seed after it is fertilised.) Endosperm is formed during the process of double fertilisation by the fusion of one male gamete with the two polar nuclei at the centre of the embryo sac.

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Q9. Which one of the following structure is not associated with gynoecium?

1. Style
2. Ovary
3. Stigma
4. Filament

Answer: (d)

Gynoecuim or pistil is the female whorl that is differentiated into the ovary, style and stigma. Androecium is the male reproductive organ consisting of stamen. Each stamen is distinguishable into anther and filament joined by a connective.

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Q10. Match the following and indicate which is correct?

1. Malvaceae — Cotton
2. Brassicaceae — Wheat
3. Cucurbitaceae — Orange
4. Leguminosae — Sunflower

Answer: (a)

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Q11. The 3-sub-families of Leguminosae are distinguished mainly on the basis of –

1. Nature of corolla and stamens
2. Nature of gynoecium
3. Nature of habit of the plants
4. Nature of fruit

Answer: (a)

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Q12. The mode of catching insects in Drosera plants is by means of

1. specially sensitive trigger hairs.
2. sensitive glandular hairs which secrete a sweet, viscous, shining substance.
3. leaves which are modified into pitcher.
4. leaf segments modified into bladder.

Answer: (b)

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Q13. Assertion: Formation of phyllode is a mechanism to reduce transpiration.

Reason: It is vertically placed and has fewer stomata.

1. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
4. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer: (b)

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Q14. How many plants among Indigofera, Sesbania, Salvia, Allium, Aloe, mustard, groundnut, radish, gram and turnip have stamens with different lengths in their flowers?

1. Four
2. Five
3. Three
4. Six

Answer: (a)

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Q15. Apocarpous condition is found in

1. Tomato
2. Mustard
3. Lotus
4. All of these

Answer: (c)

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Q16. Which layer is called aleurone layer?

1. Carbohydrate
2. Protein
3. Lipid
4. All of these

Answer: (b)

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Q17. The given figure shows the parts of mango and coconut. Choose the option which shows the correct labelling of A, B, C and D marked in the figures.

1. (a)
2. (b)
3. (c)
4. (d)

Answer: (a)

In mango and coconut, the fruit is known as drupe. Drupe develops from monocarpellary superior ovaries. In mango, the pericarp is differentiated into an outer thin epicarp, middle fleshy edible mesocarp and an inner stony hard endocarp. In coconut, the mesocarp is represented by the fibrous part.

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Q18. An aggregate fruit is one which develops from

1. multicarpellary apocarpus gynoecium
2. complete inflorescence
3. multicarpellary syncarpous gynoecium
4. multicarpellary superior ovary.

Answer: (a)

An aggregate fruit or etaerio is a group of simple fruits that develop from free ovaries (apocarpous condition) of a single flower (single gynoecium).

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Q19. Which one of the following figures represents the placentation in Dianthus?

1. (a)
2. (b)
3. (c)
4. (d)

Answer: (b)

The given figure in option (b) represents the free central placentation. In free central placentation, ovary is unilocular and ovules are borne on the axis in the center of the ovary and septa are absent. It is seen in Dianthus and Primrose.

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Q20. Buttress roots are found in

1. Banyan
2. Terminalia
3. Sorghum
4. Pandanus

Answer: (b)

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Q21. When stamens are superior the flower is

1. Perigynous
2. Hypogynous
3. Epigynous
4. Hypogenous

Answer: (c)

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Q22. Leaves of dicotyledonous plants possess ________ venation, while ____________ venation is the characteristic of most monocotyledons.

1. parallel and reticulate respectively
2. reticulate and parallel respectively
3. reticulate and perpendicular respectively
4. obliquely and parallel respectively

Answer: (b)

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Q23. Assertion: Thorns are found in plants such as citrus and bougainvillea.

Reason: Thorns protect plant from grazing animals.

1. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
4. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer: (b)

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Q24. Which of the following plant parts elongates directly and leads to the formation of primary roots?

1. radicle
2. bud
3. plumule
4. root hair

Answer: (a)

The direct elongation of the radicle leads to the formation of primary roots which grows inside the soil.

The radicle is the first part of a seedling (a growing plant embryo) to emerge from the seed during the process of germination.

The radicle is the embryonic root of the plant, and grows downward in the soil (the shoot emerges from the plumule).

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Q25. Assertion: Petals are usually bright coloured

Reason: Petals attract insect for pollination.

1. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
4. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer: (b)

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Q26. Which of the following is correct about flower?

1. Reproductive unit in angiosperm.
2. Calyx and corolla are reproductive organs.
3. Typical flower has four kinds of whorls.
4. Whorls arranged successively on thalamus or receptacle.

1. All except D
2. All except C
3. All except B
4. All except A

Answer: (c)

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Q27. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct about venation?

1. The arrangement of veins and the veinlets in the lamina of leaf is called venation.
2. Reticulate venation is the characteristic of monocots.
3. When the veinlets form a network, the venation is termed as reticulate venation.
4. When the veins run parallel to each other within a lamina, the venation is termed as parallel venation.

1. Both (i) and (ii)
2. Only (i)
3. (i), (iii) and (iv)
4. All of these

Answer: (c)

Reticulate venation is the characteristic of dicots. In reticulate venation the main vein a of leaf forms numerous irregular branches and as a result a net like arrangement is formed.

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Q28. Find out the incorrect statement:

1. Root increases in length due to region of elongation.
2. Root hair absorbs water and mineral from the soil.
3. Meristematic region have thin walled cell with dense cytoplasm.
4. Root cannot synthesize plant growth regulators.

Answer: (d)

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Q29. Which of the following statements are correct about calyx?

1. Sepals are green, leaf like and protect the flower in the bud stage.
2. Calyx is the outermost whorl of the flower and are called sepals.
3. The calyx may be gamosepalous (sepals free) or polysepalous (sepals united)
4. Both (a) and (b).

Answer: (d)

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Q30. The placenta is attached to the developing seed near the

1. hilum
2. testa
3. micropyle
4. chalaza

Answer: (a)

The placenta is attached to the developing seed near the hilum . It is the scar present near the edge where seed breaks from stalk of funiculus, connecting the seed with fruit wall and placenta.

Testa is the outer most covering of seed, micropyle is a small opening in the seed coat through which water enters the seed and chalaza is a tissue where nucellus and integument joins.

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Q31. The wheat grain has an embryo with one large, shield-shaped cotyledon known as

1. Scutellum
2. Coleorrhiza
3. Coleoptile
4. Epiblast

Answer: (a)

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Q32. A fruit developed from hypanthium inflorescence is called

1. syconus
2. caryopsis
3. sorosis
4. hesperidium.

Answer: (a)

Syconus fruit develops from a hypanthodium inflorescence, e.g., Ficus. Hypanthodium is a box like inflorescence where the box is formed by the fleshly receptacle. It opens to exterior by a single pore called ostiole.

The hollow pear shaped fleshy receptacle encloses a number of minute male and female flowers, it becomes fleshy and forms the fruit.

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Q33. Fibrous root system is better adapted than tap root system for

1. absorption of water and minerals
2. transport of organic matter
3. storage of food
4. anchorage of plant to soil

Answer: (d)

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Q34. An example of edible underground stem is:

1. Groundnut
2. Carrot
3. Sweet potato
4. Potato

Answer: (d)

Potato is an example of edible underground stem.

• It is differentiated into nodes and internodes. The ‘eyes’ on potato tuber indicate axillary buds at the nodes.
• It bears scaly leaves. The leaves do not store food.
• Axillary buds arise at the nodes.
• Does not bear roots.

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Q35. Axis of Inflorescence is –

1. Peduncle
2. Pedicel
3. Petiole
4. All of these

Answer: (a)

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Q36. Vegetative reproduction occurs by bulbil in

1. Colocasia
2. Agave
3. Zingiber
4. Vallisneria

Answer: (b)

Bulbils are fleshy vegetative buds which store food and take part in vegetative propagation. Bulbils of Agave germinate which still on inflorescence and thus show vivipary.

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Q37. Assertion: Flower is zygomorphic in family Fabaceae

Reason: Corolla shows vexillary aestivation.

1. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
4. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer: (b)

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Q38. Inner layer of pericarp is hard and stony in

1. Wood, apple, Pea
2. Dateplam, Almond
3. Mango, Coconut
4. Pear, Litchi

Answer: (c)

Drupe is the fruit type in mango & coconut.

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Q39. Perisperm is

1. persistant nucellus
2. remnant of endosperm
3. remnant of embryo
4. part of endosperm

Answer: (d)

Desert plants have well developed root system so that they can absorb water from the deeper layers of soil. They have sunken stomata and reduced leaves which reduce the rate of water loss through transpiration.

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Q40. Assertion: Leaves are modified into spines in Cacti.

Reason: It protect plant from grazing animals and excessive transpiration.

1. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
4. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer: (b)

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Q41. The correct floral formula of soyabean is

1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 

Answer: (b)

The plants belonging to the Family Fabaceae such as soyabean, pea, sem, moong, gram, etc have the floral formula .

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Q42. Which is correct pair for edible part?

1. Maize — Cotyledons
2. Guava — Mesocarp
3. Tomato — Thalamus
4. Date palm — Pericarp

Answer: (d)

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Q43. Leaves become modified into spines in :

1. Onion
2. Silk Cotton
3. Pea
4. Opuntia is the floral formula of : Å

Answer: (d)

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Q44. Keel is the characteristic of the flowers of

1. Cassia
2. Gulmohar
3. Calotropis
4. Bean

Answer: (d)

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Q45. Tetradynamous conditions occur in

1. Malvaceae
2. Solanaceae
3. Cruciferae
4. Liliaceae.

Answer: (c)

In tetradynamous condition there are six stamens, 4 are long and 2 are short, i.e., 4 + 2 arrangement of stamens. It is characteristic feature of Cruciferae members. In Liliaceae 6 stamens are arranged in whorls of 3 each (3 + 3).

In Solanaceae there are 5 stamens they are epipetalous and polyandrous. In Malvaceae there are numerous stamens that are monadelphous.

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Q46. Identify the A to D in this figure.

1. A–Androecium, B–Basal, C–Carpel, D–Petals
2. A–Petals, B–Carpel, C–Basal, D–Androecium
3. A–Basal, B–Androecium, C–Petals, D–Carpel
4. A–Carpel, B–Basal, C–Androecium, D–Petals

Answer: (d)

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Q47. The term 'polyadelphous' is related to

1. Corolla
2. Androecium
3. Calyx
4. Gynoecium

Answer: (b)

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Q48. The mature seeds of plants such as gram and peas possess no endosperm, because

1. there is no double fertilisation in them
2. these plants are not angiosperm
3. endosperm is not formed in them
4. endosperm gets used up by the developing embryo during seed development

Answer: (d)

Endosperm is a nourishing tissue of seed which provides nourishment to the developing embryo either before or after germination. In gram and peas, the endosperm is consumed at the time of seed development. So, seed is non-endospermic, i.e., endosperm is not present in the mature seed.

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Q49. Select the dye from the following:

1. Sunhemp
2. Sesbania
3. Lupin
4. Indigofera

Answer: (d)

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Q50. Root differs from stem in having

1. axillary buds
2. nodes and internodes
3. multicellular hairs
4. unicellular hairs

Answer: (d)

A root differs from stem, without any exception, by the presence of unicellular root hairs and the absence of nodes and internodes.

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