Top 25+ Structural Organisation in Animals - Biology Questions and Answers For NEET 2024 Exam Preparation

Q1. The following figure shows the extarnal features of cockroach with few structures labelled as A, B, C, D, and E. Identify A to E .

1. A- Pronotum, B-Metathorax, C-Mesothorax, D-Tegmina, E-Sterna
2. A- Mesothorax, B-Pronotum, C-Metathorax, D-Tegmina, E-Anal style
3. A- Pronotum, B-Mesothorax, C-Metathorax, D-Tegmina, E-Anal cerci
4. A- Pronotum, B-Mesothorax, C-Metathorax, D-Tegmina, E-Anal style

Answer: (c)

A - Pronotum; B - Mesothorax; C - Metathorax; D - Tegmina; E - Anal cerci

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Q2. The ciliated columnar epithelial cells in humans are known to occur in

1. bronchioles and Fallopian tube
2. Eustachian tube and stomach lining
3. bile duct and oesophagus
4. Fallopian tube and urethra.

Answer: (a)

The ciliated columnar epithelial cells in humans are present in the nasal passages, oviducts (Fallopian tubes) terminal bronchioles, ventricles of the brain and central canal of the spinal cord of the embryo. Columnar ciliated epithelium consists of columnar cells, which bear cilia on the free surface.

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Q3. Compound tissue is defined as –

1. Different types of cells which are different in structure and function
2. Similar types of cells held together by connective tissue
3. Different types of cells performing one function
4. Similar cells at different regions performing many Functions

Answer: (c)

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Q4. Which one of the following pairs of structures distinguishes a nerve cell from other types of cell?

1. Vacuoles and fibres
2. Perikaryon and dendrites
3. Flagellum and medullary sheath
4. Nucleus and mitochondria

Answer: (b)

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Q5. Assertion: Muscle fibres are said to be contractile in nature.

Reason: Cells of muscle tissues can shorten forcefully and again return to the relaxed state.

1. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
4. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer: (b)

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Q6. Match the followings and choose the correct answer.

1. A-(ii), B-(i), C -(iv), D-(iii)
2. A-(iii), B-(i), C -(ii), D-(iv)
3. A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(ii), D-(i)
4. A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(ii)

Answer: (d)

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Q7. Which of the following substances, if introduced into the blood stream, would cause coagulation of blood at the site of its introduction?

1. Fibrinogen
2. Prothrombin
3. Thromboplastin
4. Heparin

Answer: (c)

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Q8. ATPase enzyme needed for muscle contraction is located in

1. troponin
2. actinin
3. myosin
4. actin

Answer: (c)

ATPase enzyme is located in the myosin cross bridgeheads. Actin forms the light or I- Band. Actin slides over myosin during contraction. Troponin protein is involved in establishing connection with myosin cross bridges.

Actin is not involved in muscle contraction. It is also an ATPase (an enzyme) which is activated by $Ca^{2+}$ And $Mg^{2+}$ ions. Hence, ATPase enzyme is located in myosin.

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Q9. Given below is the diagrammatic sketch of a certain type of connective tissue. identify the parts labeled A, B, C and D and select the right option about them

Options:

1. (b)
2. (a)
3. (c)
4. (d)

Answer: (d)

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Q10. Brush border is characteristic of

1. collecting tube
2. Neck of nephron
3. proximal convoluted tubule
4. All of the above

Answer: (c)

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Q11. The clitellum is a distinct part in the body of earthworm, it is found in?

1. segments 14-15-16
2. segments 13-14-15
3. segments 12-13-14
4. segments 15-16-17

Answer: (a)

In a mature earthworm segments 14-16 are covered by a prominent dark band of glandular tissue called clitellum.

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Q12. Which of the following sites contain squamous epithelium as its living?

1. Air sac in lungs
2. Blood vessel
3. Nasal cavity
4. Both (a) and (b)

Answer: (d)

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Q13. Choose the correctly matched pair :

1. Adipose tissue - Dense connective tissue
2. Tendon - Specialized connective tissue
3. Areolar tissue - Loose connective tissue
4. Cartilage - Loose connective tissue

Answer: (c)

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Q14. Assertion: Gap junctions facilitate the cells to communicate with each other.

Reason: Gap junction connects the cytoplasm of adjoining cells.

1. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
4. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer: (b)

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Q15. Hair present in the skin are

1. epidermal in origin and made of living cells
2. epidermal in origin and made of dead cells
3. dermal in origin and made of living cells
4. dermal in origin and made of dead cells.

Answer: (b)

Each hair is present in a tubular pit called hair follicle which is made up by sinking of epidermis. Living cells are present only at the base of hair i.e. in hair papilla, rest of the hair is dead and is divisible into outer cuticle, middle cortex and inner medulla.

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Q16. Which one of the following plasma proteins is involved in the coagulation of blood ?

1. Serum amylase
2. An albumin
3. A globulin
4. Fibrinogen

Answer: (d)

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Q17. The epithelial tissue present on the inner surface of bronchioles and Fallopian tubes is

1. ciliated
2. glandular
3. squamous
4. cuboidal.

Answer: (a)

The ciliated columnar epithelial cells in humans are present in the nasal passages, oviducts (Fallopian tubes) terminal bronchioles, ventricles of the brain and central canal of the spinal cord of the embryo. Columnar ciliated epithelium consists of columnar cells, which bear cilia on the free surface.

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Q18. Assertion: Development in P. americana is paurometabolous type.

Reason: Development in cockroach occurs through nymphal stage.

1. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
4. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer: (b)

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Q19. Which one of the following is one of the paths followed by air or $O_2$ during respiration in the adult male Periplaneta americana as it enters the animal body?

1. Mouth, bronchial tube, trachea, oxygen enters cells
2. Spiracle in metathorax, trachea, tracheoles, oxygen diffuses into cells
3. Spiracles in prothorax, tracheoles, trachea, oxygen diffuses into cells
4. Hypopharynx, mouth, pharynx, trachea, tissues

Answer: (b)

The respiratory system is well developed in a cockroach in order to compensate the poorly developed circulatory system. It consists of tracheae, tracheoles and spiracles. The main tracheal trunks open to the exterior on body surface through 10 pairs of segmentally arranged apertures termed spiracles or stigmata.

Two pairs of spiracles are thoracic, one between pro and mesothorax and the other between meso and metathorax. Haemocoel contains a network of elastic, closed and branching air tubes or tracheae.

The ultimate finer branches of tracheae are called tracheoles which come in contact with the individual body cells. The elaborate tracheal system carries oxygen directly to all the body cells.

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Q20. Assertion: Earthworm known as friend of farmers.

Reason: They make soil porous which helps in respiration and penetration of the developing plant roots.

1. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
4. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer: (b)

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Q21. Which of the following type are of Indian earthworms?

1. Lumbricus
2. Pheretima
3. Lumbricoidus
4. Both (a) and (b)

Answer: (d)

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Q22. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct regarding cockroaches ?

1. The body of the cockroach is segmented and divisible into three distinct regions – head, thorax and abdomen.
2. Blood vascular system is of closed type.
3. They are monoecious and both sexes have well developed reproductive organs.
4. The development of P. americana is paurometabolus, meaning there is development through nymphal stage.

1. Both (ii) and (iii)
2. Both (i) and (ii)
3. Both (i) and (iv)
4. All of these

Answer: (c)

Blood vascular system of cockroach is an open type. They are dioecious and both sexes have well developed reproductive organs.

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Q23. Assertion: Frogs are beneficial to humans.

Reason: Frogs eat insect and protect our crops.

1. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
4. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer: (b)

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Q24. If a live earthworm is pricked with a needle on its outer surface without damaging its gut, the fluid that comes out is

1. haemolymph
2. coelomic fluid
3. slimy mucus
4. excretory fluid.

Answer: (b)

Coelom or body cavity of earthworm is filled with coelomic fluid. It lies between body wall and alimentary canal. So if a live earthworm is pricked with a needle on its outer surface without damaging the gut then only coelomic fluid will come out.

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Q25. Assertion: Tendons are used to attach bone to bone.

Reason: Ligaments are used to attach muscle to bone.

1. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
4. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer: (d)

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