Top 25+ Mineral Nutrition - Biology Questions and Answers For NEET 2024 Exam Preparation

Q1. Nitrogen is a component of

1. Chlorophyll
2. Protein
3. Nucleic acid
4. All of these

Answer: (d)

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Q2. Refer the figure given below and select the option which gives correct labelling for all the four blanks A, B, C and D.

1. (a)
2. (b)
3. (c)
4. (d)

Answer: (b)

The given figure represents nitrogen cycle which shows the relationship between the three main nitrogen pools - atmospheric soil and biomass. The blanks in the figure marked as A, B, C and D are respectively $N_{2}$ , ammonification, plant biomass and animal biomass.

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Q3. The function of leghaemoglobin in the root nodules of legumes is:

1. oxygen removal
2. nodule differentiation
3. inhibition of nitrogenase activity
4. expression of nifgene

Answer: (a)

Leghaemoglobin is the haemoglobin like red pigments found in root nodules of legumes and reported to function as an oxygen-carrying pigment in symbiotic nitrogen fixation.

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Q4. When the plants are grown in magnesium deficient but urea rich soil, the symptoms expressed are

1. colourless petiole
2. dark green leaves
3. yellowish leaves
4. shoot apex die.

Answer: (c)

Magnesium is important constituent of chlorophyll, thus it is found in all green plants and is essential for photosynthesis. It also helps in binding of ribosomal particles where protein synthesis occurs.

It is also part of many enzymes of respiration. The deficiency symptoms of magnesium includes interveinal chlorosis in leaves and yellowing of leaves starting from basal to younger ones.

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Q5. $N_{2} + 8e^{–} + 8H^{+} + 16 ATP → 2NH_{3}, + H_{2+} 16 ADP + 16 Pi$

The above equation refers to

1. Nitrification
2. Nitrogen fixation
3. Ammonification
4. Denitrification

Answer: (b)

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Q6. Which one of the following is not an essential mineral element for plants while the remaining three are ?

1. Iron
2. Manganese
3. Phosphorus
4. Cadmium

Answer: (d)

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Q7. The genetically-modified (GM) brinjal in India has been developed for

1. Enhancing Shelf life
2. Insect-resistance
3. Enhancing mineral content
4. Drought-resistance

Answer: (b)

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Q8. Which one of the following is a wrong statement?

1. Root nodule forming nitrogen fixers live as aerobes under free-living conditions.
2. Anabaena and Nostoc are capable of fixing nitrogen in free-living state also.
3. Phosphorus is a constituent of cell membranes, certain nucleic acids and all proteins.
4. Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter are chemoautotrophs.

Answer: (c)

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Q9. Which one of the following mineral elements plays an important role in biological nitrogen fixation?

1. Copper
2. Manganese
3. Molybdenum
4. Zinc

Answer: (c)

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Q10. Terrestrial plants obtain all of the following nutrients from the soil except

1. nitrogen
2. phosphorus
3. potassium
4. carbon

Answer: (d)

The bulk of the organic material of a plant is derived from carbon dioxide assimilated from the atmosphere.

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Q11. Deficiency symptom of N, K and Mg appears in

1. Meristematic tissue
2. Young leaf
3. Young stem
4. Senescent leaves

Answer: (d)

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Q12. A nitrogen fixing microbe associated with Azolla in rice-fields is

1. Tolypothrix
2. Spirulina
3. Frankia
4. Anabaena

Answer: (d)

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Q13. The group of mineral nutrients known as framework elements are

1. C, H, O
2. Mg, Fe, Zn
3. N, S, P
4. Zn, Mn, Cu

Answer: (a)

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Q14. Which one of the following elements is not absorb through soil?

1. Nitrogen
2. Potassium
3. Carbon
4. All of these

Answer: (c)

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Q15. Which one of the following elements in plants is not remobilised?

1. Calcium
2. Potassium
3. Phosphorus
4. Sulphur

Answer: (a)

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Q16. Which of the following element is necessary in plants for protein synthesis and also it is a constituent of hormones and many of the vitamins?

1. Phosphorus
2. Calcium
3. Nitrogen
4. Magnesium

Answer: (c)

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Q17.

1. The deficiency of any element can cause multiple symptoms.
2. Same symptoms may be caused by the deficiency of one or several different elements.
3. The concentration of the essential element below which plant growth is retarded is termed as critical concentration.
4. Chlorosis is the loss of chlorophyll due to deficiency of N, K, Mg, Fe, S, Mn, Zn, Mo
5. Different plants respond differently to the deficiency of the same element.

1. (1) and (4)
2. (1) and (3)
3. (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5)
4. (3) and (4)

Answer: (c)

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Q18. For its activity, carboxypeptidase requires :

1. Niacin
2. Copper
3. Iron
4. Zinc

Answer: (d)

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Q19. Gray spots of Oat are caused by deficiency of :

1. Zn
2. Mn
3. Cu
4. Fe

Answer: (b)

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Q20. The process by which mineral is absorbed is called

1. active absorption
2. passive absorption
3. both (a) and (b)
4. none of these

Answer: (c)

Elements are absorbed from the soil solution in the form of ions. Uptake of mineral ions, can be divided in two main phases.

In the first phase, uptake of mineral ions occurs freely between external solution and free space or outer space (intercellular space and cell wall) of cell. It is called passive absorption and it does not require any metabolic energy.

In the second phase, ions are taken into the inner space (cytoplasm and vacuole).This entry or exit is active, as it requires metabolic energy. Hence, it is called active absorption.

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Q21. In which of the following all three are macronutrients?

1. Iron, copper, molybdenum
2. Boron, zinc, manganese
3. Molybdenum, magnesium, manganese
4. Nitrogen, nickel, phosphorus

Answer: (a)

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Q22. What is critical concentration?

1. Concentration of essential element which is easily absorbed by plants.
2. Concentration of essential element which causes flowering in plants.
3. Concentration of essential element below which the plant growth is retarded.
4. All the above

Answer: (c)

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Q23. Assertion: Deficiency of sulphur causes chlorosis in plants.

Reason: Sulphur is a constituent of chlorophyll, proteins and nucleic acids.

1. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
4. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer: (c)

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Q24. The most abundant intracellular cation is

1. $ca^{+}$
2. $Na^{+}$
3. $H^{+}$
4. $K^{+}$

Answer: (d)

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Q25. Roots of which plant contains a red pigment which have affinity for oxygen?

1. Soybean
2. Mustard
3. Carrot
4. Radish

Answer: (a)

Leghaemoglobin is a red respiratory pigment found in the root nodules of leguminous plant if Rhizobium is present. It has affinity for oxygen. Soybean is a legume plant so it contains leghaemoglobin in its root nodules.

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