Top 100+ Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production - Biology Questions and Answers For NEET 2024 Exam Preparation

Q1. Which of the following plant species you would select for the production of bioethanol?

1. Jatropha
2. Pongamia
3. Brassica
4. Zea mays

Answer: (a)

---

Q2. A system of rotating crops with legume or grass pasture to improve soil structure and fertility is called

1. Contour farming
2. Ley farming
3. Strip farming
4. Shifting agriculture

Answer: (b)

The growing of grass or legumes in rotation with grain or tilled crops as a soil conservation measure is called Ley farming.

---

Q3. Murrah, Mehsana, Jaffarbadi are breeds of

1. Cow
2. Buffalo
3. Cattle
4. Horse

Answer: (b)

---

Q4. The term 'totipotency' refers to the capacity of a

1. bud to generate whole plant
2. cell to generate whole plant
3. seed to germinate
4. cell to enlarge in size

Answer: (b)

The capacity of a cell or an explant to grow and develop into a whole plant is called 'totipotency'.

---

Q5. Which of the following is the most important character or trait that the breeders have tried to incorporate in plants first?

1. Increase tolerance to insect pest
2. Resistance to pathogens (virus, fungi and bacteria)
3. Increased tolerance to environmental stress
4. Increased crop yield

Answer: (d)

---

Q6. A protoplast is a cell :

1. without plasma membrane
2. without cell wall
3. without nucleus
4. undergoing division

Answer: (b)

---

Q7. Which of the following statement is correct?

1. Saccharum barberi had high sugar content and yield, but was originally grown in north India.
2. Sonalika and Kalyan sona were low yielding and disease resistant crops.
3. Saccharum officinarum had thicker stems and higher sugar content, but did not grow well in north India.
4. Both (b) and (c)

Answer: (c)

Sonalika and Kalyan Sona were high yielding and disease resistant crops. Saccharum barberi had poor sugar content and yield, but was originally grown in north India.

---

Q8. A collection of all the alleles of all the genes of a crop plant is called

1. Protoplasm collection
2. Germplasm collection
3. Herbarium
4. Somaclonal collection

Answer: (b)

---

Q9. Spirulina can be grown easily on

1. Straw and molasses
2. Waste water from potato processing plant
3. Animal manure and sewage
4. All of these

Answer: (d)

---

Q10. When a diploid female plant is crossed with a tetraploid male, the ploidy of endosperm cells in the resulting seed is

1. pentaploidy
2. tetraploidy
3. diploidy
4. triploidy

Answer: (b)

Endosperm is formed due to fusion of the haploid male gamete with the polar nucleus of the embryo sac. But in this case the male plant is tetraploid so that its gametes would be diploid. When these diploid gametes fuse with two polar nuclei of the embryo sac the resultant endosperm would be tetraploid.

---

Q11. Several South Indian states raise 2-3 crops of rice annually. The agronomic feature that makes this possible is because of

1. better irrigation facilities
2. shorter rice plant
3. early yielding rice variety
4. disease resistant rice variety

Answer: (c)

Several South Indian states raise 2-3 crops of rice annually. The agronomic feature that makes this possible is early yielding rice variety.

---

Q12. In order to obtain virus-free plants through tissue culture the best method is

1. protoplast culture
2. meristem culture
3. embryo rescue
4. anther culture.

Answer: (b)

---

Q13. The technique of obtaining large number of plantlets by tissue culture method is called

1. Organ culture
2. Plantlet culture
3. Micropropagation
4. Macropropagation

Answer: (b)

---

Q14. Outbreeding is an important strategy of animal husbandry because it:

1. Is useful in overcoming inbreeding depression
2. Is useful in producing pure lines of animals
3. Exposes harmful recessive genes that are eliminated by selection
4. Helps in accumulation of superior genes

Answer: (a)

---

Q15. Match Column - I with Column - II

1. A → 4; B → 1; C → 2; D → 3; E → 7; F → 6; G → 5
2. A → 4; B → 3; C → 2; D → 1; E → 6; F → 7; G → 5
3. A → 1; B → 2; C → 3; D → 4; E → 6; F → 7; G → 5
4. A → 2; B → 4; C → 1; D → 3; E → 6; F → 7; G → 5

Answer: (d)

---

Q16. Lysine and tryptophan are

1. non-essential amino acids
2. proteins
3. essential amino acids
4. aromatic amino acids

Answer: (c)

Lysine and tryptophan are essential amino acids.

---

Q17. Three crops that contribute maximum to global food grain production are

1. wheat, maize and sorghum
2. wheat, rice and maize
3. rice, maize and sorghum
4. wheat, rice and barley

Answer: (b)

---

Q18. Which one of the following combination would a sugarcane farmer look for in the sugarcane crop?

1. Thick stem, high sugar content and profuse flowering.
2. Thick stem, long internodes, high sugar content and disease resistance.
3. Thick stem, short internodes, high sugar content, disease resistance.
4. Thick stem, low sugar content, disease resistance.

Answer: (b)

---

Q19. An improved variety of transgenic basmati rice

1. Gives high yield and is rich in vitamin-A.
2. Does not require chemical fertilizers and growth hormones.
3. Is completely resistant to all insect pests and diseases of paddy.
4. Gives high yield but has no characteristic aroma.

Answer: (a)

---

Q20. Homozygous purelines in cattle can be obtained by

1. mating of unrelated individuals of same breed
2. mating of related individuals of same breed
3. mating of indviduals of different breed
4. mating of individuals of different species

Answer: (b)

When closely related animals of same breed are crossed continuously for few successive generations, it results in increase of homozygosity. Thus, homozygous purelines in cattles can be obtained by this method.

---

Q21. Aims of plant breeding programme are to produce

1. high yielding varieties.
2. disease-free varieties.
3. early maturing varieties.
4. All of these

Answer: (d)

---

Q22. Which one of the following is an exotic Indian fish?

1. Heteropneustes fossilis
2. Catla catla
3. Cyprinus carpio
4. Labeo rohita

Answer: (c)

Catla catla and Labeo rohita are the two Indian major carps whereas Heteropneustes is a catfish. Cyprinus is the exotic breed.

---

Q23. Which of the following statement(s) is/are incorrect?

1. The Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi has released several vegetable crops that are rich in vitamins and minerals.
2. In 2000, maize hybrids that had twice the amounts of the amino acids, lysine and proline, compared to existing maize hybrids were developed.
3. Some of the diseases caused by fungi are black rot of crucifers, tobacco mosaic, turnip mosaic etc.
4. Both (a) and (c)

Answer: (d)

In 2000, maize hybrids that had twice the amount of the amino acids, lysine and tryptophan, compared to existing maize hybrids were developed.

Some of the diseases caused by fungi are brown rust of wheat, red rot of sugarcane, late blight of potato, etc. Black rot of crucifers is caused by bacteria and tobacco mosaic and turnip mosaic are caused by viruses.

---

Q24. Livestock refers to

1. poultry and pet animals
2. pet animals
3. domestic animals which are kept for use or profit
4. None of the above

Answer: (c)

---

Q25. Hisardale is a new breed of sheep developed in Punjab by one of the breeding technique in which superior male of one breed is mated with superior females of another breed. Identify the breeding technique from the option given below.

1. Out crossing
2. Inbreeding
3. Out breeding
4. Cross breeding

Answer: (d)

Hisardale is a new breed of sheep developed in Punjab by crossing Bikaneri ewes and Marino rams. Crossbreeding is a method in which superior male of one breed is mated with superior females of another breed. It allows the desirable qualities of two different breeds to be combined.

---

Q26. Parthenocarpic tomato fruits can be produced by

1. raising the plants from vernalized seeds
2. treating the plants with low concentrations of gibberellic acid and auxins
3. treating the plants with phenylmercuric acetate
4. removing androecium of flowers before pollen grains are released

Answer: (b)

Gibberellins and auxins are known to induce parthenocarpy in plants. If a tomato plant is treated with a low concentration of auxin and gibberellic acid it'll produce fruits without fertilization i.e. parthenocarpic fruits.

---

Q27. Homozygous purelines in cattle can be obtained by

1. mating of individuals of different breed
2. mating of unrelated individuals of same breed
3. mating of individuals of different species
4. mating of related individuals of same breed

Answer: (d)

When breeding is between animals of the same breed for 4-6 generations, it is called inbreeding. Inbreeding, as a rule, increases homozygosity. Thus, inbreeding is necessary if we want to obtain a pureline in any animal.

---

Q28. The method of producing thousands of plants through tissue culture is called

1. Totipotency
2. Explant
3. Somaclone
4. Micro-propagation

Answer: (d)

---

Q29. Consider the following four statements (i – iv) and select the option which includes all the correct ones only.

1. Single cell Spirulina can produce large quantities of food rich in protein, minerals, vitamins, etc.
2. Body weight-wise, the micro-organism Methylophilus methylotrophs may be able to produce several times more proteins than the cows per day.
3. Common button mushrooms are a very rich source of vitamin C.
4. A rice variety has been developed which is very rich in calcium.

1. (i), (iii) and (iv) only
2. (iii) and (iv) only
3. (ii), (iii) and (iv) only
4. (i) and (ii) only

Answer: (d)

Spirulina is a single cell protein rich in protein, vitamins and minerals. 250 gram biomass of Methylophilus methylotrophus produces 25 tonn protein/day while a cow of 250 kg. produces only 200 gm. protein/day. Common button mushrooms are a very rich source of vitamin D. A rice variety has been developed which is very rich in iron content.

---

Q30. Read the given statements.

1. Beehives are mostly kept close to crop fields of sunflower.
2. Bee-keeping is a labour-intensive method.
3. Beeswax is used in cosmeticindustry.
4. Apis indica is the most common bee species.

Choose the incorrect statement.

1. Only II
2. II and III
3. Only IV
4. None of these

Answer: (a)

Only statement II is incorrect, while the rest are correct. The incorrect statement can be corrected as Bee-keeping is not a labour-intensive method.

---

Q31. The name of Norman Borlaug is associated with

1. green revolution
2. white revolution
3. yellow revolution
4. blue revolution.

Answer: (a)

---

Q32. Which of the following diseases is caused by bacteria?

1. Powdery mildew
2. Red rot of sugarcane
3. Black rot of crucifer
4. Late blight of potato

Answer: (c)

---

Q33. Due to which of the following organism, yield of rice is increased?

1. Bacillus popilliae
2. Sesbania
3. Anabaena
4. Bacillus subtilis

Answer: (c)

Azolla plays a very important role in rice production. Azolla and its nitrogen-fixing partner, Anabaena, has been used as green manure to fertilize rice paddies and increase production. With the help of Azolla, rice can be grown year after year, several crops a year, with little or no decline in productivity; hence no rotation of crops is necessary.

---

Q34. The viability of seeds is tested by

1. 2, 3, 5 triphenyl tetrazolium chloride
2. 2, 6 dichlorophenol indophenols
3. DMSO
4. Safranine.

Answer: (a)

Viability of seeds can be known by two methods:

(i) ability to germinate,

(ii) testing their ability to respire. All viable seeds respire. This can be tested by immersing a section of seed containing the embryo in 0. 1% solution of triphenyl tetrazolium chloride.

The viable embryo will turn pink due to conversion of colourless triphenyl tetrazolium chloride into insoluble coloured dye called triphenyl formazone due to reduction.

---

Q35. Which fish selectively feed on larva of mosquito?

1. Rohu
2. Gambusia
3. Clarias
4. Exocoetus

Answer: (b)

Gambusia affinis is regarded as a larvicidal fish as it selectively feeds on mosquito larvae. It forms an effective tool for biological control of mosquitoes.

---

Q36. ……………… is the purposeful manipulation of plant species in order to create plant types that are better suited for cultivation, give better yield and are disease resistant. Fill up the blanks.

1. Plant breeding
2. Aquaculture
3. Animal husbandry
4. Apiculture

Answer: (a)

---

Q37. Use of certain chemicals and radiation to change the base sequences of genes of crop plants is termed as

1. Transgenic mechanism
2. Recombinant DNA technology
3. Mutation breeding
4. Gene therapy

Answer: (c)

---

Q38. Which fish selectively feed on larva of mosquito?

1. Rohu
2. Gambusia
3. Clarias
4. Exocoetus

Answer: (b)

Gambusia affinis is regarded as a larvicidal fish as it selectively feeds on mosquito larvae. It forms an effective tool for biological control of mosquitoes.

---

Q39. Homozygous pure lines in cattle can be obtained by

1. mating of individuals of different breed
2. mating of unrelated individuals of same breed
3. mating of individuals of different species
4. mating of related individuals of same breed.

Answer: (d)

When breeding is between animals of the same breed for 4-6 generation, it is called inbreeding. Inbreeding, as a rule, increases homozygosity. Thus, inbreeding is necessary if we want to obtain a pureline in any animal.

---

Q40. The capacity of a cell explant to grow into a whole plant is called

1. tissue culture
2. callus
3. cellular totipotency
4. All of these

Answer: (c)

Cellular totipotency is the ability of a explant to give rise to a complete plant, when cultured in a suitable culture medium at appropriate temperature and aeration conditions.

---

Q41. A branch of science that deals with the maintenance of hives of honeybees for the production of honey is called ______.

1. pisciculture
2. aquaculture
3. apiculture
4. sericulture

Answer: (c)

Apiculture or bee-keeping is rearing of honey bees for the production of honey and wax at commercial level. Apis indica is the most commonly domesticated honey bee in India.

---

Q42. The agriculture sector of India employs:

1. 70 per cent of the population
2. 60 per cent of the population
3. 30 per cent of the population
4. 62 per cent of the population

Answer: (d)

---

Q43. Mutation breeding is carried out by

1. inducing mutations in plants by high energy rays.
2. screening the plant for resistance.
3. selecting the desirable plant for multiplication and breeding.

Choose the correct option.

1. I and III
2. I and II
3. II and III
4. All of these

Answer: (d)

---

Q44. Diet deficiency in essential micro nutrients like Iron, Vitamin A, iodine and Zinc is responsible for

1. Reduced life span
2. Increased risk of disease
3. Reduced mental abilities
4. All of these

Answer: (d)

---

Q45. Which among the following is the real product of the honeybee?

1. Propolis
2. Honey
3. Pollen
4. Beewax

Answer: (d)

Beewax is a very useful by-product of bee keeping industry. It is yellowish to greyish brown in colour and insoluble in water but completely soluble in ether.

Beewax is a natural secretion of the worker bees and is poured out in thin delicate scales or flakes. It is secreted by pair of wax glands placed ventrally on the abdomen. Beewax is used in the manufacture of cosmetics, for Catholic churches, face cream, paints, ointments, insulators, plastic works, polishes, carbon paper, lubricant, etc.

Honey is not the real product of honeybees. It is a mixture of nectar, pollen, cane sugar and saliva of honeybees.

---

Q46. A system of rotating crops with legume or grass pasture to improve soil structure and fertility is called:

1. Contour farming
2. Ley farming
3. Strip farming
4. Shifting agriculture

Answer: (b)

---

Q47. From the following, how many are varieties of wheat?

Atlas 66, Himgiri, Sonalika, Kalyan sona, Jaya, Ratna

1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. 5

Answer: (c)

---

Q48. Pulses are obtained from

1. Asteraceae
2. Fabaceae
3. Poaceae
4. Solanaceae

Answer: (b)

---

Q49. What percentage of human population is suffering from hunger?

1. >70%
2. >25%
3. >80%
4. >90%

Answer: (b)

---

Q50. Which of the following is not correctly matched with its variety?

1. Cowpea – Pusa Sadabahar
2. Brassica (rapeseed mustard) – Pusa Gaurav
3. Flat been –Pusa sem 2
4. Okra (Bhindi) – Pusa A-4

Answer: (a)

Pusa sadabahar is a variety of chilli while Pusa komal is a variety of cowpea.

---

Q51. A collection of all the alleles of all the genes of a crop plant is called

1. protoplasm collection
2. germplasm collection
3. herbarium
4. somaclonal collection

Answer: (b)

The entire collection of plants/seeds having all the diverse alleles for all genes in a given crop is germplasm collection. The given definition does not fit in other options because protoplasm collection deals mainly with collection of protoplast, i.e. plant cell without cell wall. A harbarium is museum of preserved plant that are used for botanical research, mainly in identification and classification of plants.

Somaclonal collection involves plants produced from a single cell which are genetically variable from their parents.

---

Q52. Assertion: In MOET cow is administered with hormone with FSH like activity.

Reason: It causes superovulation in administered cow.

1. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
4. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer: (b)

---

Q53. MOET stands for

1. Multiple Ovulation Energy Transport Technology
2. Multiple Ovulation and Embryo Transfer Technology
3. Method of Ovulation Energy Transfer Technology
4. Method of Ovulation Energy Transport Technology

Answer: (b)

To improve the chances of successful mating for the production of better breeds, a new technology, called Multiple Ovulation and Embryo Transfer technology (MOET) is being used for cattle and other animals.

---

Q54. The technique that was employed to produce haploids of Datura was

1. Anther culture
2. Meristem culture
3. Embryo culture
4. Protoplast culture

Answer: (a)

---

Q55. Example of high yielding and disease resistant wheat variety is

1. IR-8
2. Sonalika
3. Ratna
4. Jaya

Answer: (b)

---

Q56. Inland fishery' refers to

1. Trapping and capturing fishes from sea coast
2. Culturing fish in freshwater
3. Deep sea fishing
4. Extraction of oil from fishes

Answer: (b)

---

Q57. Green revolution has been possible due to the development of high yielding variety of

1. Apples and pears
2. Wheat and rice
3. Jowar and bajra
4. Sugarcane and grams

Answer: (b)

---

Q58. Hybridoma cells are

1. product of spore formation in bacteria
2. only cells having oncogenes
3. nervous cells of frog
4. hybrid cells resulting from myeloma cells.

Answer: (d)

Hybridoma is hybrid cell resulting from the artificial fusion of an antibody-producing lymphocyte and a myeloma cell from a lymphoid tumour. Such cells can produce a clone that may be maintained in tissue culture and used for the continuing production of monoclonal antibody.

---

Q59. India's wheat yield revolution in the 1960s was possible primarily due to

1. increased chlorophyll content
2. hybrid seed
3. mutations resulting in plant height reduction
4. quantitative trait mutations.

Answer: (d)

---

Q60. The source of pest resistance gene may be

1. Germplasm collection of the crop
2. Cultivated varieties
3. Wild relatives
4. All of these

Answer: (d)

---

Q61. Good breeds should have

1. Resistance to disease
2. High yielding potential under climatic conditions of the area
3. Improved quality of the yield
4. All of these

Answer: (d)

---

Q62. An alga which can be employed as food for human being is

1. Chlorella
2. Ulothrix
3. Spirogyra
4. Polysiphonia

Answer: (a)

---

Q63. India's wheat yield revolution in the 1960s was possible primarily due to

1. increased chlorophyll content
2. hybrid seeds
3. mutations resulting in plant height reduction
4. quantitative trait mutations

Answer: (d)

Dr. M.S. Swaminathan, pioneer mutation breeder has produced Sharbati Sonora, a variety of wheat by mutation, which is responsible for green revolution in India. Dr. Swaminathan is called Father of Green Revolution in India.

---

Q64. Bee dances are meant for

1. Communication
2. Courtship
3. Recreation
4. Instinct

Answer: (a)

---

Q65. In order to obtain virus-free plants through tissue culture the best method is

1. protoplast culture
2. meristem culture
3. embryo rescue
4. anther culture

Answer: (b)

---

Q66. In cotton, smooth leaf and the absence of nectar repel

1. bollworms
2. sawfly
3. beetle
4. jassids

Answer: (a)

---

Q67. Fungicides and antibiotics are chemicals that

1. Kill pathogenic fungi and bacteria, respectively.
2. Enhance yield and disease resistance.
3. Kill all pathogenic microbes.
4. Kill pathogenic bacteria and fungi respectively.

Answer: (a)

---

Q68. In order to obtain virus-free plants through tissue culture the best method is

1. Anther culture
2. Embryo rescue
3. Meristem culture
4. Protoplast culture

Answer: (c)

Meristem culture is done for the development of virus free plants. Meristematic tissue cell can be taken either from shoot or root tip.

---

Q69. Triticale is obtained by crossing wheat with

1. barley
2. oat
3. maize
4. rye

Answer: (d)

---

Q70. In which of the following techniques high milk giving breeds of females and high quality meat giving bulls have been bred successfully to increase herd size short time?

1. Artificial insemination
2. MOET
3. Interspecific hybridisation
4. Induced mutation

Answer: (b)

---

Q71. In virus-infected plants, the meristematic tissues in both apical and axillary buds are free of virus because

1. meristems have antiviral compounds
2. the dividing cells are virus resistant
3. the cell division of meristems is faster than the rate of viral multiplication
4. viruses cannot multiply within meristem cell(s)

Answer: (c)

---

Q72. The world’s highly prized wool yielding ‘Pashmina’ breed is

1. sheep
2. goat
3. goat-sheep cross
4. Kashmir sheep-Afghan sheep cross

Answer: (b)

The world's highly prized wool yielding Pashmina breed is the under fur of Kashmiri and Tibetan goats. Pashmina is an almost generic name for accessories made from a type of mohair that is obtained from a special breed of goat indigenous to high altitudes of the Himalayan Range Belt of Asia.

The name comes from Pashmineh, made from Persian pashm (= "wool"). The special goat's fleece has been used for thousands of years to make high-quality shawls that also bear the same name.

---

Q73. Which one of the following pair is mismatched?

1. Apis indica — Honey
2. Pila globosa — Pearl
3. Kenia lacca — Lac
4. Bombyx mori — Silk

Answer: (b)

---

Q74. Haploid plants can be obtained by culturing

1. root tips
2. pollen grains
3. young leaves
4. endosperm.

Answer: (b)

Haploid plants are those plants which have single set of chromosomes. Pollen grains are haploid as they are produced after meiosis so they are used for haploid production.

It was first made in Datura innoxia by Guha and Maheshwari in 1964. Haploids are important in plant breeding as mutation can be easily detected in them and they are also used to produce homozygous diploids.

---

Q75. Main objective of production/use of herbicide resistant GM crops is to

1. eliminate weeds from the field without the use of herbicides
2. eliminate weeds from the field without the use of manual labour
3. encourage eco-friendly herbicides
4. reduce herbicide accumulation in food articles for health safety

Answer: (d)

Main objective of production/use of herbicide resistant GM crops is to reduce herbicide accumulation in food articles for health safety. GM plants has been useful in many ways.

Genetic modifications has made crops more tolerant to abiotic stresses, reduced reliance on chemical pesticides, enhanced nutritional value of food.

---

Q76. P1542 is a hybrid variety of

1. Wheat
2. Maize
3. Rice
4. Garden pea

Answer: (d)

---

Q77. Thefollowing are varieties of Wheat except

1. Himgiri
2. Altas–66
3. I R–8
4. Sonalika

Answer: (c)

---

Q78. Consider the following statements concerning food chains :

1. Removal of 80% tigers from an area resulted in greatly increased growth of vegetation
2. Removal of most of the carnivores resulted in an increased population of deers
3. The length of food chains is generally limited to 3-4 trophic levels due to energy loss
4. The length of food chains may vary from 2 to 8 trophic levels

Which two of the above statements are correct?

1. (iii) and (iv)
2. (ii) and (iii)
3. (i) and (iv)
4. (i) and (ii)

Answer: (b)

Food chain is the transfer of energy from green plants (primary producers), through a sequence of organisms in a food chain occupying different trophic level. Therefore, statements (ii) and (iii) are correct.

---

Q79. An improved variety of transgenic basmati rice

1. gives high yield and is rich in vitamin A.
2. does not require chemical fertilizers and growth hormones.
3. is completely resistant to all insect pests and diseases of paddy.
4. gives high yield but has no characteristic aroma.

Answer: (a)

An improved variety of transgenic basmati rice gives high yield and is rich in vitamin A.

---

Q80. Assertion (A): Inbreeding produces pureline.

Reason (R): It causes homozygosity.

1. It both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
2. If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
3. If A is true, but R is false
4. If A is false, but R is true

Answer: (b)

Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

Inbreeding is breeding between animals of the same breed for 4-6 generations. Continued inbreeding causes homozygosity which produces purelines.

---

Q81. Tomato and potato protoplast is fused to form

1. Pomato
2. Topoto
3. Totato
4. Tomapo

Answer: (a)

---

Q82. Match column-I with column-II and choose the correct option.

Codes:

1. A – III; B – V; C – I; D – II; E – IV
2. A – III; B – V; C – IV; D – I; E – II
3. A – V; B – III; C – I; D – II; E – IV
4. A – III; B – V; C – II; D – I; E – IV

Answer: (a)

Pisciculture is the controlled breeding and rearing of fish. Apiculture is the raising and caring of bees for commercial or agricultural purposes. Tissue culture is the process or technique of making body tissue which grow in a culture medium outside the organism.

Green revolution is a large increase in crop production in developing countries achieved by the use of artificial fertilizers, pesticides, and highyielding crop varieties. Blue revolution is the rapid increase of fish production in small ponds and water bodies.

---

Q83. A collection of plants and seeds having diverse alleles of all the genes of a crop is called

1. germplasm
2. herbarium
3. gene library
4. genome

Answer: (c)

Gene library contains DNA fragments representing the entire genome of an organism. So collection of alleles of the genes of a crop is called gene library.

---

Q84. In MOET procedure, to induce follicular maturation and superovulation which of the following hormones are administered to the cow?

1. Progesterone
2. Follicle stimulating hormone
3. Androgen
4. Oxytocin

Answer: (b)

In MOET, the selected cow is administered with a hormone having follicle stimulating hormone like activity to induce follicular maturation and superovulation. Due to this instead of one egg, which they normally yield per cycle, they produce 6-8 eggs.

---

Q85. Resistance to yellow mosaic virus in bhindi was transferred from a wild species and resulted in new variety of A. esculentus called

1. Sonalika
2. Golden Kranti
3. IR-8
4. Parbhani Kranti

Answer: (d)

---

Q86. Consider the following statements. Which of them are the advantages of tissue culture/ micropropagation?

1. A large number of plants can be grown in short time.
2. Disease free plants can be recovered from diseased plants.
3. Genetically variable plants can be produced.
4. Somatic hybrids such as pomato can be raised.

Choose the correct option.

1. II, III and IV
2. I, II and III
3. I, II and IV
4. All of the above

Answer: (c)

Statements I, II and IV represent the advantages of tissue culture/micropropagation, while statement III is incorrect and can be corrected as

Genetically, similar plants can be produced by the method of tissue culture.

---

Q87. Which of the following is the process of choosing parent organisms for the characteristic that is wanted in their offspring?

1. Reproductive selection
2. Active selection
3. Selective breeding
4. None of the above

Answer: (c)

Selective breeding (also called artificial selection) is the process by which humans can breed animals and plants for particular traits. Typically, strains that are selectively bred are domesticated, and the breeding is normally done by a professional breeder.

---

Q88. Three crops that contribute maximum to global food grain production are

1. Wheat, rice and barley
2. Wheat, rice and maize
3. Wheat, maize and sorghum
4. Rice, maize and sorghum

Answer: (b)

Three crops that contribute maximum to global food grain production are Wheat, rice and maize, which belong to the family Poaceae (Graminae).

---

Q89. Which one of the following pesticides is banned nowadays?

1. Eldrin
2. DDT
3. Aldrin
4. Toxaphene

Answer: (b)

DDT was subsequently banned for agricultural use worldwide under the Stockholm Convention, but its limited use in disease vector control continues to these days in certain parts of the world and remains controversial.

Along with the passage of the endangered Species Act, the US ban on DDT is cited by scientists as a major factor in the comeback of the bald eagle in the contiguous US.

---

Q90. Find out the incorrect statement.

1. In micro-propagation soma clones are produced.
2. Virus free plant can be obtained by meristem culture.
3. Plant cell without cell wall is known as protoplast.
4. Pomato (Somatic hybrid) has all the desired combinations of characteristics for its commercial utilization.

Answer: (d)

---

Q91. In vitro clonal propagation in plants is characterized by

1. Northern blotting
2. PCR and RAPD
3. Electrophoresis and HPLC
4. Microscopy

Answer: (b)

---

Q92. Protoplast is

1. An animal cell
2. Another name for protoplasm
3. A plant cell without a cell wall
4. A plant cell

Answer: (c)

---

Q93. How many of the given names are various types of Brassica?

Pusa komal, Pusa sem 2, Pusa sem 3, Pusa gaurav, Pusa swarnim, Pusa sawami, Pusa shubhra

1. 2
2. 1
3. 3
4. 4

Answer: (a)

---

Q94. Consumption of which one of the following foods can prevent the kind of blindness associated with vitamin 'A' deficiency?

1. Canola
2. 'Flavr Savr' tomato
3. Golden rice
4. Bt Brinjal

Answer: (c)

---

Q95. Match the following columns.

Codes A B C D

1. 3 2 4 1
2. 1 3 2 4
3. 2 4 1 3
4. 4 1 3 2

Answer: (b)

---

Q96. Where Taichung Native-1 was developed?

1. Tokyo
2. Taraiva
3. Tallinn
4. Taiwan

Answer: (d)

---

Q97. Which statement is correct?

1. Wax is waste material of honeybee.
2. A. indica is largest wild honeybee.
3. Workers are the smallest of the three castes.
4. Drone of honeybee is diploid

Answer: (c)

A highly organised division of labour is found in the colony of honeybees. A good and well developed colony of bees had 40 to 50 thousand individuals consisting of 3 castes viz., queen, drone and worker.

Although the workers are the smallest of the three castes but they function as the main spring of the complicated machinery like honeybee colony. It takes 21 days in the development from the egg to the adult and the total life span of a workerbee is about 6 weeks.

The workers are atrophied female which sacrifice themselves for the wellbeing of the colony. The total indoor and outdoor duties of the colony are performed by the workers only. Apis dorsata is the largest honeybee and A. indica is slightly smaller than it. Beeswax is a byproduct of honeybee and drone of honeybee is haploid in nature.

---

Q98. Which of the following techniques used in animal biotechnology are required for the rapid multiplication and production of animals with a desirable genotype ?

1. Hybrid selection and embryo transfer.
2. Protoplast fusion and embryo transfer.
3. In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.
4. All of the above

Answer: (c)

Animal biotechnology is the use of science and engineering to modify living organisms. This technique makes products to improve animals and to develop microorganisms for specific agricultural uses. In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer are the techniques which are used in animal biotechnology to require the rapid multiplication and production of animals with a desirable trait.

In vitro fertilization is the joining of a woman's egg and a man's sperm in a laboratory dish. Embryo transfer refers to a step in the process of assisted reproduction in which embryos are placed into the uterus of a female with the intent to establish pregnancy.

---

Q99. Which of the following given point is important for successful bee-keeping?

1. Selection of suitable location for keeping the beehives
2. Knowledge of the nature and habits of bees
3. Catching and hiving of swarms (group of bees) and their management during different seasons
4. All of the above

Answer: (d)

---

Q100. In tissue culture medium, the embryoids formed from pollen grains is due to

1. organogenesis
2. cellular totipotency
3. double fertilization
4. test-tube culture

Answer: (b)

---