Top 100+ Biological Classification - Biology Questions and Answers For NEET 2024 Exam Preparation

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Mar 15, 2024 by StudyTwice

In this article, We have provided the top most important 100+ multiple choice questions with 100% solved answers and detailed explanation on NCERT Biology Class 11 - Chapter 2: "Biological Classification" Topic based on Latest NTA NEET Biology Syllabus & it will be very useful for your NEET UG 2024 Exam Preparation.

Important 100+ Biological Classification MCQ Practice Test With Solutions & Detailed Explanation

Q1. Which one of the following micro-organisms is used for production of citric acid in industries?

1. Rhizopus nigricans
2. Penicillium citrinum
3. Aspergillus niger
4. Lactobacillus bulgaricus

Answer: (c)

Q2. T.O. Diener discovered a

1. bacteriophage
2. free infectious DNA
3. infectious protein
4. free infectious RNA.

Answer: (d)

Q3. Which of the following statements is not true for retroviruses?

1. The genetic material in mature retroviruses is RNA
2. DNA is not present at any stage in the life cycle of retroviruses
3. Retroviruses carry gene for RNA-dependent DNA polymerase
4. Retroviruses are causative agents for certain kinds of cancer in man

Answer: (b)

Retroviruses have RNA as the genetic material and hence they exhibit reverse transcription whereby DNA is synthesized on RNA template. They have reverse transcriptase as the enzyme.

Q4. Chrysophytes, Euglenoids, Dinoflagellates and Slime moulds are included in the kingdom:

1. Protista
2. Monera
3. Fungi
4. Animalia

Answer: (a)

Q5. Black [stem] rust of wheat is caused by

1. Puccinia graminis
2. Alternaria solani
3. Ustilago nuda
4. Xanthomonas oryzae.

Answer: (a)

Black stem rust is caused by Puccinia graminis tritici. The genus Puccinia includes 700 species, which cause rust diseases of many economic plants such as wheat, barley, oats, etc.

Q6. Single-celled eukaryotes are included in

1. Fungi
2. Protista
3. Archaea
4. Monera

Answer: (b)

Q7. Which of the following processes are involved in the reproduction of protista?

1. Spore formation and fragmentation
2. Binary fission and fragmentation
3. Cell fusion and zygote formation
4. Budding and spore formation

Answer: (c)

Q8. The chief advantage of encystment of an Amoeba is

1. protection from parasites and predators
2. the ability to survive during adverse physical conditions
3. the ability to live for sometime without ingesting food
4. the chance to get rid of accumulated waste products.

Answer: (b)

Amoeba forms a cyst and reproduces by multiple fission, during adverse environmental conditions. The animal secretes a three-layered, protective, chitinous cyst around it and becomes inactive. Inside the cyst, the nucleus repeatedly divides to form several daughter nuclei, which arrange themselves near the periphery. Each daughter nucleus becomes enveloped by a small amount of cytoplasm, thus forming a daughter Amoeba, called amoebula or pseudopodiospore. When favourable conditions arrive, the cyst breaks off liberating the young pseudopodiospores, each with fine pseudopodia. They feed and grow rapidly to become adults and lead an independent life.

Q9. Temperature tolerance of thermal blue-green algae is due to

1. mitochondrial structure
2. cell wall structure
3. cell organization
4. homopolar bonds in their proteins

Answer: (b)

Q10. White rust disease is caused by

1. Phytophthora
2. Claviceps
3. Alternaria
4. Albugo candida

Answer: (d)

Q11. Habitats of phycomycetes are

1. Decaying wood in moist and damp place
2. Aquatic
3. Obligate parasite in plant
4. All of these

Answer: (d)

Q12. Adhesive pad of fungi penetrate the host with the help of

1. hooks and suckers
2. mechanical pressure and enzymes
3. softening by enzymes
4. only by mechanical pressure.

Answer: (b)

The adhesive pad of fungi penetrates the host with the help of mechanical pressure and enzymes. It pushes against the cell wall of the host and then releases cellulase to digest cellulose of the host cell wall so that the hypha is able to penetrate the host cell wall.

Q13. Which one of the following option does not belong to Ascomycetes ?

1. They include unicellular (e.g. yeast) and multicellular forms.
2. They are saprophytic, decomposer, coprophilous (growing on dung) and parasitic.
3. Their mycelium is coenocytic.
4. Aspergillus, Claviceps, Neurospora are important members of Ascomycetes.

Answer: (c)

Q14. Which fungal disease spreads by seed and flowers?

1. Covered smut of barley
2. Loose smut of wheat
3. Corn stunt
4. Soft rot of potato

Answer: (b)

Q15. The thalloid body of a slime mold (Myxomycetes) is known as

1. mycelium
2. Plasmodium
3. fruiting body
4. protonema

Answer: (b)

Q16. Which part would be most suitable for raising virus-free plants for micropropagation?

1. Bark
2. Meristem
3. Node
4. Vascular tissue

Answer: (b)

Q17. Deuteromycetes are known as imperfect fungi because

1. Only asexual or vegetative phase are known.
2. Only sexual phase is found.
3. Both asexual and sexual phase are known.
4. Reproduction in these fungi is absent.

Answer: (a)

Q18. The following features belongs to

1. Mycelium septate and branched.
2. Some members are saprophytes or parasites.
3. Reproduce only by conidia.

1. Deuteromycetes
2. Ascomycetes
3. Basidiomycetes
4. Phycomycetes

Answer: (a)

Q19. Which one is a wrong statement ?

1. Mucor has biflagellate zoospores
2. Brown algae have chlorophyll a and c, and fucoxanthin
3. Archegonia are found in Bryophyta, Pteridophyta and Gymnosperms
4. Haploid endosperm is typical feature of gymnosperms

Answer: (a)

Q20. In lichen, the algal component is called ______ and fungal component is called ______.

1. phycobiont, mycobiont
2. mycobiont, phycobiont
3. phycobiont, mycorrhazia
4. mycorrhaiza, mycobiont

Answer: (a)

Q21. Assertion: Classification system has undergone several changes over a period of time.

Reason: This is because the criteria for classification gradually get changed.

1. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
4. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer: (b)

Q22. Which of the following option is true for methanogens?

1. They are eukaryotes.
2. They live in marshy areas.
3. They are also present in the guts of several ruminant animals such as cows and buffaloes.
4. They are responsible for the production of methane (biogas)

1. (ii) and (iii)
2. (i) and (ii)
3. (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
4. None of these

Answer: (c)

Q23. Infectious proteins are present in :

1. Viroids
2. Gemini viruses
3. Prions
4. Satellite viruses

Answer: (c)

Q24. The most abundant prokaryotes helpful to humans in making curd from milk and in production of antibiotics are categorised as

1. chemosynthetic autotrophs
2. cyanobacteria
3. archaebacteria
4. heterotrophic bacteria

Answer: (d)

The most abundant prokaryotes helpful to humans in making curd from milk and in production of antibiotics are the heterotrophic bacteria. Lactobacillis bacteria convert milk into curd.

Q25. Read the given statements and answer the question.

1. It includes unicellular as well as multicellular fungi.
2. In multicellular forms, hyphae are branched and septate.
3. Conidiophore produces conidia (spores) exogenously in chain.
4. Sexual spores are ascospores produced endogenously in chain.
5. Fruiting body is called ascocarp.

Identify the correct class of fungi which have all the above given characteristics.

1. Club fungi
2. Phycomycetes
3. Sac fungi
4. Fungi imperfecti

Answer: (c)

Sac fungi is a common name of ascomycetes which produce spores in a distinctive type of microscopic sporangium called an ascus. They are characterized by well-developed thallus and production of ascospores. They are the largest class of fungi. Examples of sac fungi are yeasts, morels, truffles, and Penicillium.

Q26. A fungus contains cells with two nuclei from different genomes. The nuclei do not fuse but divide independently and simultaneously as new cells are formed. This fungus belongs to

1. deuteromycetes
2. phycomycetes
3. zygomycetes
4. basidiomycetes

Answer: (d)

Basidiomycetes are commonly known as club fungi. They are fungus whose spores develop in basidia. They include the majority of familiar mushrooms and toadstools.

Q27. Basidiospores are produced on basidium

1. Exogenously
2. Endogenously
3. Both (a) and (b)
4. None of these

Answer: (a)

Q28. Identify the A, B and C shown in this figure?

1. A–DNA, B–Cell membrane, C–Cell wall
2. A–Cell wall, B–DNA, C–Cell membrane
3. A–Cell membrane, B–DNA, C–Cell wall
4. A–DNA, B–Cell wall, C–Cell membrane

Answer: (d)

Q29. In the five kingdom classification, Chlamydomonas and Chlorella have been included in

1. algae
2. protista
3. plantae
4. monera.

Answer: (b)

In order to develop phylogenetic classification, R.H. Whittaker (1969), an American taxonomist, divided all the organisms into five kingdoms. Whittaker has used five criteria for delimiting the different kingdoms.

1. Complexity of cell structure, prokaryotic and eukaryotic
2. Complexity of body structure or structural organization, unicellular and multicellular.
3. Mode of nutrition which is divergent in multicellular kingdoms.
4. Ecological life style like producers (plantae), decomposers (fungi) and consumers (animalia),
5. Phylogenetic relationship.

When such characteristics were considered, the fungi were placed in a separate kingdom – Kingdom Fungi. All prokaryotic organisms were grouped together under Kingdom Monera and the unicellular eukaryotic organisms were placed in Kingdom Protista. Kingdom Protista has brought together Chlamydomonas, Chlorella (earlier placed in Algae within Plants and both having cell walls) with Paramoecium and Amoeba (which were earlier placed in the animal kingdom which lack cell wall).

It has put together organisms which, in earlier classifications, were placed in different kingdoms. This happened because the criteria for classification changed.

Q30. In the five kingdom system of classification, which single kingdom out of the following can include blue - green algae, nitrogen fixing bacteria and methanogenic archaebacteria?

1. Protista
2. Plantae
3. Monera
4. Fungi

Answer: (c)

R.H. Whittaker had proposed a five kingdom system of biological classification in 1969. It is based on complexity of cell structure, body organization and mode of nutrition. The kingdom monera includes all prokaryotes. They are basically unicellular with peptidoglycan in cell wall.

Naked circular DNA coiled to form nucleoid without association with histones, ribosomes 70S, thylakoids present in photoautotrophs but other membrane bound organelles are absent. These are heterotrophic, phototrophic or chemotrophic in their mode of nutrition.

The blue - green algae, nitrogen fixing bacteria and methanogenic archaebacteria are all unicellular prokaryotes so they are included in the kingdom monera.

Q31. An important criterion for modern day classification is

1. breeding habits
2. resemblances in morphology
3. anatomical and physiological traits
4. presence or absence of notochord.

Answer: (c)

Q32. A few organisms are known to grow and multiply at temperatures of 100-105o C. They belong to

1. methanogenic archaebacteria
2. thermophilic sulphur bacteria
3. hot spring blue-green algae
4. marine archaebacteria.

Answer: (b)

Thermoacidophiles (temperature and acid loving) archaebacteria are found in hot sulphur springs. Although they are microscopic, single-celled organisms, they flourish under conditions which would kill higher organisms.

These are aerobic bacteria and have the capacity to oxidize sulphur to $H_2SO_4$ at high temperature and high acidity (pH = 2.0).

Some of them are also able to reduce sulphur to $H_2$S under anaerobic conditions.

As a rule, they grow best between 80°C and 100°C and several species do not grow below 80°C.

Q33. Which structures perform the function of mi - tochondria in bacteria?

1. Ribosomes
2. Nucleoid
3. Cell wall
4. Mesosomes

Answer: (d)

Mesosome is a characteristic circular to villiform specialisation of bacterial cell membrane that develops as an ingrowth. It consists of vesicles, tubules and lamellae. Mesosomes may be septal or lateral. Septal mesosome connects nucleoid with plasma membrane and assists in replication and septum formation during cells division.

Lateral mesosome is not connected with nucleoid and contains respiratory enzymes and performs functions similar to eukarytoic mitochondria and hence is also called chondrioid. They also increase the surface area of plasma membrane and enzymatic contact.

Q34. Difference in gram positive and gram negative bacteria is due to

1. cell membrane
2. cell wall
3. ribosome
4. cytoplasm.

Answer: (b)

Using Gram stain, developed by Danish physician, Christian Gram in 1884, two kinds of bacteria were noted - those species of bacteria that are decolorized by alcohol are called gram negative and those that retain the stain are called gram positive.

This property of bacteria is related with the structure and compositional differences between the walls of gram positive and gram negative forms.

In the cell wall of Gram +ve bacteria, both horizontal and vertical peptide linkages are present, due to which mesh is dense and hence the stain does not come out. Further outer layer of cell wall of Gram +ve bacteria is made of teichoic acid.

In the cell wall of Gram –ve bacteria, either horizontal or vertical peptide linkage are present, due to which mesh is loose and hence stain comes out. Further outermost layer of cell wall of Gram –ve bacteria is made of lipopolysaccharides.

Q35. Many blue-green algae occur in thermal springs (hot-water springs). The temperature tolerance of these algae have been attributed to their

1. cell wall structure
2. mitochondrial structure
3. importance of homopolar bonds in their proteins
4. modern cell organization.

Answer: (a)

Some algae withstand or tolerate a very high temperature and these are often called thermal algae. Such forms are known to grow upto 85°C, nearly boiling water.

Their cell wall is hard and protective. A typical cell wall of algae consists of two nonliving layers. The inner layer is firm consisting of microfibrils and outer layer is gelatinous and amorphous. Various polysaccharides such as cellulose, pectin, mucilage constitute the typical cell wall.

The mucilage covering of the cell is thick and dense and is called the sheath. This sheath holds the cells in colonies together, is having water absorbing and water retaining capacity. It thus protects them under dessicating conditions. Thus they are able to survive under high temperature.

Q36. DNA replication in bacteria occurs

1. just before transcription
2. within nucleolus
3. prior to fission
4. during S phase.

Answer: (c)

DNA replicates in bacteria just before they divide by fission.

Q37. Nuclear membrane is absent in

1. Penicillium
2. Volvox
3. Nostoc
4. Agaricus

Answer: (c)

Q38. The primitive prokaryotes responsible for the production of biogas from the dung of ruminant animals, include the

1. halophiles
2. methanogens
3. eubacteria
4. thermoacidophiles.

Answer: (b)

Q39. The symbiotic association of fungi and algae is called –

1. Mycorrhiza
2. Lichen
3. Rhizome
4. Endomycorrhiza

Answer: (b)

The symbiotic association of fungi and algae is called lichen.

Q40. Which one of the following is smallest living cell and live without oxygen?

1. Mycorrhiza
2. Mycoplasma
3. Euglena
4. Trypanosoma

Answer: (b)

Q42. Transfer of genetic information from one bacterium to another in the transduction process is through

1. physical contact between donor and recipient strains
2. bacteriophages released from the donor bacterial strain
3. another bacterium having special organ for conjugation
4. conjugation between opposite strain bacterium.

Answer: (b)

Transduction is the phenomenon of transfer of genetic material from one bacterial cell to another through the agency of virus. The viruses carry a segment of DNA from one host and infect another host which is different from the first one, the latter may inherit some of the properties of the former host due to transfer of DNA segment through infecting phage.

Q43. Assertion : Outside a living cell, viruses have must crystalline statements.

Reason : Viroids have a protein coat.

1. If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
2. If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
3. If both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
4. If both Assertion and Reason are false.

Answer: (a)

Viruses maintain an inert crystalline structure outside living cell viroids do not have protein coat

Q44. Match the column:

Column I	Column II
A. Salty area	1. Thermoacidophile
B. Hot spring	2. Methanogen
C. Marshy area	3. Halophiles

1. A‒1, B‒2, C‒3
2. A‒3, B‒1, C‒2
3. A‒2, B‒1, C‒3
4. A‒2, B‒3, C‒1

Answer: (b)

Q45. Consider the following four measures (A-D) that could be taken to successfully grow chick pea in an area where bacterial blight disease is common

1. Spray with Bordeaux mixture
2. Control of the "insect vector of the disease pathogen"
3. Use of only disease-free seeds
4. Use of varieties resistant to the disease

Which two of the above measures can control the disease?

1. C and D
2. B and C
3. A and B
4. A and D

Answer: (a)

Q46. Life cycle in plant has generally two distinct phase the ______ sporophytic and the ______ gametophytic that alternate with each other. This phenomenon is called as alternation of generation.

1. diploid, haploid
2. diploid, diploid
3. haploid, diploid
4. haploid, haploid

Answer: (a)

Q47. All are viral diseases except

1. Small pox and herpes
2. AIDS and mumps
3. Influenza
4. Cholera

Answer: (d)

Q48. Mycorrhizae' are useful for plants mainly due to their following attribute

1. Enhanced absorption of nutrients from soil
2. Fixing atmospheric nitrogen
3. Killing insects and pathogens
4. Providing resistance against abiotic stresses

Answer: (a)

Q49. Mostly marine, photosynthetic and biflagellate organisms are

1. Desmids
2. Diatoms
3. Dinoflagellates
4. Euglenoids

Answer: (c)

Q50. Mycoplasma is pleuromorphic due to

1. the presence of sterol
2. absence of cell wall
3. presence of three layered cell membrane
4. None of these

Answer: (b)

Q51. In which group of organisms the cell walls form two thin overlapping shells which fit together?

1. Chrysophytes
2. Dinoflagellates
3. Slime moulds
4. Euglenoids

Answer: (a)

Chrysophytes include diatoms and desmids. The body of diatoms is covered by a transparent siliceous shell (silica deposited in cell wall) known as frustule. The frustule is made of two valves, epitheca and hypotheca, which fit together like a soap box.

Q52. Motile bacteria possess

1. Flagella
2. Cilia
3. Both (a) and (b)
4. None of these

Answer: (a)

Q53. Assertion: Sexual reproduction in protozoan is not a frequent occurrence.

Reason: Sexual reproduction has no significance.

1. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
4. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer: (c)

Q54. Artificial system of classification was first used b y

1. De Candolle
2. Linnaeus
3. Pliny the Edler
4. Bentham and Hooker.

Answer: (b)

Artificial system of classification was first used by Linnaeus. The cryptogams were included in flowering plants. Linnaeus system is known as sexual system of classification. He classified on the basis of number, size and union of sex organs.

Q55. Satellite RNAs are present in some

1. Viroids
2. Plant viruses
3. Prions
4. Bacteriophages

Answer: (b)

Plant viruses often contain parasites of their own, referred to as satellites. Satellite RNAs are dependent on their associated (helper) virus for both replication and encapsidation.

Example: Tobacco Necrosis Virus (TNV). Viroids are infectious agents smaller than viruses. Bacteriophages are viruses that infect the bacteria.

A prion is an infectious agent that is composed primarily of protein.

Q56. Bacteriophage generally have

1. Double stranded RNA
2. Single stranded RNA
3. Double stranded DNA
4. Any of the above

Answer: (c)

Q57. In which group of organisms the cell walls form two thin overlapping shells which fit together?

1. Slime moulds
2. Dinoflagellates
3. Chrysophytes
4. Euglenoids

Answer: (c)

Chrysophytes include diatoms and desmids. The body of diatoms is covered by a transparent siliceous shell (silica deposited in cell wall) known as frustule. The frustule is made of two valves, epitheca and hypotheca, which fit together like a soap box.

Q58. In fungi stored food material is

1. sucrose
2. glycogen
3. starch
4. glucose

Answer: (b)

Q59. Lichens indicate SO₂ pollution because they

1. grow faster than others
2. show association between algae and fungi
3. are sensitive to SO₂
4. flourish in SO₂ rich environment.

Answer: (c)

Lichens are found in Artic Tundra region where no other plant can grow. Lichens prefer to grow in pollution free environment. They are often used as a indicator of pollution and also they are very sensitive to SO₂ . They are first to die in a polluted environment (more SO₂ ).

Q60. Assertion: Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria are useful for ecosystem.

Reason: They play great role in recycling nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, iron and sulphur.

1. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
4. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer: (b)

Q61. Phylogeny refers to

1. Physiology
2. Morphology
3. Reproduction
4. Evolutionary relationship

Answer: (d)

Q62. Which of the following are likely to be present in deep sea water?

1. Saprophytic fungi
2. Blue - green algae
3. Archaebacteria
4. Eubacteria

Answer: (c)

Archaebacteria belong to a group of prokaryotic organisms called Monera.

These include the methanogens, which produce methane; the thermoacidophilic bacteria, which live in extremely hot and acidic environments (such as hot springs); and the halophilic bacteria, which can only function at high salt concentrations and are abundant in the world's oceans.

Q63. Plasmodium, the malarial parasite, belongs to class

1. Sporozoa
2. Sarcodina
3. Ciliata
4. Dinophyceae

Answer: (a)

Q64. Two animals which are the members of the same order must also be the members of the same :

1. Genus
2. Class
3. Family
4. Species

Answer: (b)

Q65. Eukaryotic, achlorophyllous and heterotrophic organisms are grouped under which of the following kingdoms?

1. Fungi
2. Monera
3. Protista
4. Plantae

Answer: (a)

Fungi is a large kingdom of over 100,000 species. They are achlorophyllous, heterotrophic, spore-forming, non-vascular, eukaryotic organisms which often contain chitin or fungal cellulose in their walls and possess glycogen as food reserve.

They are cosmopolitan in occurrence being present in air, water, soil, over and inside animals and plants.

Q66. How many bacteria are produced in four hours if a bacterium divides once in half an hour?

1. 16
2. 8
3. 64
4. 256

Answer: (d)

Q67. Which of the following would appear as the pioneer organisms on bare rocks?

1. Mosses
2. Lichens
3. Liverworts
4. Green algae

Answer: (b)

Q68. Consider the following statements with respect to characteristic features of the kingdom.

1. In animalia, the mode of nutrition is autotrophic.
2. In monera, the nuclear membrane is present.
3. In protista, the cell type is prokaryotic.
4. In plantae, the cell wall is present.

Of the above statements, which one is correct?

1. (iii) only
2. (i) only
3. (ii) only
4. (iv) only

Answer: (d)

Kingdom animalia includes all heterotrophic, multicellular complex eukaryotes. They depend either upon plants or on other animals for their food requirements. Kingdom monera includes prokaryotic organisms lacking membrane bound nucleus. Hence, nuclear membrane cannot be found in Monera. Protista is a eukaryotic kingdom.

Q69. Protists obtain food as

1. photosynthesisers
2. photosynthesisers, symbionts and holotrophs
3. chemosynthesisers
4. holotrophs

Answer: (b)

Members of kingdom Protista have diverse mode of nutrition. They are photosynthetic, saprophytic parasitic and ingestive. They are majorheterotrophs.

Q70. Name the organisms which do not derive energy directly or indirectly from sun.

1. Symbiotic bacteria
2. Chemosynthetic bacteria
3. Pathogenic bacteria
4. Mould

Answer: (b)

Chemosynthetic bacteria do not derive energy directly or indirectly from sun. The source of energy of these bacteria is inorganic substances. They utilise the energy liberated by oxidation of inorganic compounds and synthesize organic compounds.

Q71. The motile bacteria are able to move by

1. Cilia
2. Fimbriae
3. Flagella
4. Pili

Answer: (c)

Q72. Which of the following environmental conditions are essential for optimum growth of Mucor on a piece of bread ?

1. Temperature of about 25°C
2. Temperature of about 5°C
3. Relative humidity of about 5%
4. Relative humidity of about 95%
5. A shady place
6. A brightly illuminated place

Choose the answer from the following options.

1. A, D and E only
2. B, C and F only
3. A, C and E only
4. B, D and E only

Answer: (a)

Mucor is a filamentous fungus found in the humus of soil decaying fruits, vegetables. It is commonly known as black mould. Most of the Mucor sp. are unable to grow at 37°C and the strains isolated from human infections are usually one of the few thermotolerant Mucor sp.

Colonies of Mucor grow rapidly at 25-30°C, humidity about 90-95% and quickly cover the surface of the agar. It requires moist and shady place for its growth. Many sp. of Mucor are responsible for causing rotting of fruit and vegetables.

A few sp. e.g., Mucor pusillus are pathogenic to man.

Q73. Which one single organism or the pair of organisms is correctly assigned to its taxonomic group?

1. Lichen is a composite organism formed from the symbiotic association of an algae and a protozoan
2. Paramoecium and Plasmodium belong to the same kingdom as that of Penicillium
3. Yeast used in making bread and beer is a fungus
4. Nostoc and Anabaena are examples of protista

Answer: (c)

Saccharomyces cervisiae is a yeast used in making bread (Baker's yeast) and commercial production of ethanol. Paramoecium & Plasmodium are of animal kingdom while Pencillium is a fungi.

Lichen is composite organism formed from the symbiotic association of an algae and a fungus. Nostoc & Anabaena are examples of kingdom monera.

Q74. Which of the following statements is not true for retroviruses?

1. The genetic material in mature retroviruses is RNA
2. DNA is not present at any stage in the life cycle of retroviruses
3. Retroviruses carry gene for RNA dependent DNA polymerase
4. Retroviruses are causative agents for certain kinds of cancer in man

Answer: (b)

Q75. Which of the following organisms is\are correctly assigned its/their taxonomic group?

1. Yeast used in making bread and beer is a fungus.
2. Paramecium and Plasmodium belong to the same kingdom as that of Penicillium.
3. Lichen is a composite organism formed from the symbiotic association of an alga and a protozoan.
4. Nostoc and Anabaena are examples of protista.

Answer: (a)

Saccharomyces cervisiae is a yeast used in making bread (Baker’s yeast) and commercial production of ethanol. Paramecium and Plasmodium are of animal kingdom while Penicillium is a fungi.

Lichen is composite organism formed from the symbiotic association of an alga and a fungus. Nostoc and Anabaena are examples of kingdom monera.

Q76. Which one belongs to Monera?

1. Gelidium
2. Amoeba
3. Escherichia
4. Spirogyra

Answer: (c)

Q77. How many main criteria were used by Whittaker for classification?

1. 3
2. 1
3. 4
4. 5

Answer: (d)

Q78. Which of the following statements is wrong for viroids?

1. They causes infections
2. They lack a protein coat
3. They are smaller than viruses
4. Their RNA is of high molecular weight

Answer: (d)

Q79. Viruses are

1. Obligate parasite
2. Inert outside their specific host cell
3. Passes through bacteria proof filter
4. All above statements are correct

Answer: (d)

Q80. Select the wrong statement.

1. Pseudopodia are locomotory and feeding structures in sporozoans.
2. Cell wall is present in members of fungi and plantae.
3. Mushrooms belong to basidiomycetes.
4. Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell in all kingdoms except monera.

Answer: (a)

Pseudopodia is the locomotory organ in amoeboid protozoans, e.g., Amoeba. Flagellated protozoans possess flagella for locomotion, e.g., Trypanosoma.

In sporozoans, locomotory organelles (cilia, flagella, pseudopodia, etc.) are absent, e.g., Plasmodium. Ciliated protozoans possess cilia as locomotory organelles, e.g., Paramecium.

Q81. Decomposers are organisms that

1. attack and kill plants as well as animals
2. elaborate chemical substances, causing death of tissues
3. operate in living body and simplifying organic substances of cells step by step
4. operate in relay terms, simplifying step by step the organic constituents of dead body

Answer: (d)

Q82. Specialized cells for fixing atmospheric nitrogen in Nostoc Are

1. Heterocysts
2. Akinetes
3. Hormogonia
4. Nodules

Answer: (a)

Heterocysts are large sized, thick-walled specialised cells which occur in terminal, intercalary or lateral position in  filamentous cyanobacteria, e.g., Nostoc. They have enzyme nitrogenase and are specialised to perform biological nitrogen fixation.

Q83. Identify the A and B shown in this figure.

1. A–RNA, B–DNA
2. A–DNA, B–Capsid
3. A–Capsid, B–RNA
4. A–RNA, B–Capsid

Answer: (c)

Q84. Which type of DNA is found in bacteria?

1. Membrane bound DNA
2. Circular free DNA
3. Straight DNA
4. Helical DNA

Answer: (b)

Bacterial cells do not have nucleus. Nuclear material of bacteria lies free in the cell in the form of an irregular, thin fibrillar and circular single molecule of DNA called nucleoid or chromatin body.

This DNA is sometimes attached at one or more points to a mesosome. Bacterial DNA is not associated with histone proteins and does not coil to form well defined chromosomes during multiplication. This is the basic characteristic of all prokaryotes and bacteria is prokaryotic organism.

Q85. The practical purpose of classification of living organisms is to

1. name the living organisms
2. explain the origin of living organisms
3. trace the evolution of living organisms
4. facilitate identification of unknown organisms

Answer: (d)

Biological classification is the scientific arrangement of organisms in a hierarchical series of groups and subgroups on the basis of similarities and differences in their traits. It helps in building evolutionary pathways and in identifying new organisms.

Q86. Small proteins produced by vertebrate cells naturally in response to viral infections and which inhibit multiplication of viruses are called

1. antitoxins
2. immunoglobulins
3. interferons
4. lipoproteins

Answer: (c)

Q87. Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

1. Gonyaulax – Dinoflagellates
2. Anabaena – Cyanobacteria
3. Amoeba – Protozoa
4. Albugo – Chrysophytes

Answer: (d)

Albugo is the parasitic fungi which is found on mustard. It is the member of phycomycetes that are found in aquatic habitats and on decaying wood in moist and damp places.

Q88. Members of phycomycetes are found in

1. Aquatic habitats
2. On decaying wood
3. Moist and damp places
4. As obligate parasites on plants

Choose from the following options.

1. (ii) and (iii)
2. (i) and (iv)
3. None of these
4. All of these

Answer: (d)

Phycomycetes are fungi that can thrive on dead and decaying wood as saprophytes. These prefer to live in moist and damp places and need water for the movement of zoospore and sexual gametes.

Few members of phycomycetes are obligate parasites like Phytophthora infestans that causes late blight of potato and Peronospora viticola causing downy mildew of grapes.

Q89. Kingdom plantae include

1. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms
2. Algae and bryophytes
3. Angiosperms
4. All of these

Answer: (d)

Q90. Euglena posses all except

1. Two equal flagella
2. Pellicle
3. Two unequal flagella
4. Mixotrophic nutrition

Answer: (a)

Q91. The chief component of bacterial cell wall is

1. Cellulose and pectin
2. Cellulose and chitin
3. Amino acids and polysaccharides
4. Cellulose and carbohydrates

Answer: (c)

Q92. Common bread mould is

1. Rhizopus
2. Yeast
3. Bacteria
4. Virus

Answer: (a)

Rhizopus (pin mould or black mould) grows on bread and hence also called bread mould.

Q93. Which of the following group of kingdom protista is being described in the statements given below?

1. This group includes diatoms and golden algae.
2. They are microscopic and float passively in water currents (plankton).
3. Most of them are photosynthetic.
4. They have deposits in their habitat; this accumulation over billion of years is referred to as ‘diatomaceous earth’.

1. Euglenoids
2. Dinoflagellates
3. Chrysophytes
4. Slime moulds

Answer: (c)

Chrysophytes are plant-like protists that can be found in marine and freshwater environments which are often low in calcium. There are three main types of chrysophytes: diatoms (bacillariophyta), golden brown algae (chrysophyceae), and yellow-green algae (xanthophyceae).

Q94. Which class of fungi lacks sex organs but the process of plasmogamy is brought about by fusion of two vegetative or somatic cells of different strains or genotypes?

1. Imperfect fungi
2. Sac fungi
3. Bracket fungi
4. Phycomycetes

Answer: (c)

Bracket fungi belong to basidiomycetes. This class of fungi lacks sex organs but the process of plasmogamy is brought about by fusion of two vegetative or somatic cells of different strains or genotypes.

Q95. Match column I (Kingdom) with column II (Class) and select the correct options.

1. A – III, B – IV, C – II, D – I
2. A – IV, B – III, C – II, D – I
3. A – I, B – II, C – III, D – IV
4. A – IV, B – II, C – III, D – I

Answer: (b)

Archaebacteria, euglenoids, phycomycetes and algae are classes of monera, protista, fungi and plantae respectively.

Q96. Assertion:Amoeba contains a contractile vacuole.

Reason: It helps in both digestion and osmoregulation.

1. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
4. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer: (c)

Q97. Assertion: Bladderwort and Venus fly trap are parasite.

Reason: Cuscuta is insectivorous plant.

1. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.
2. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
4. If both the assertion and reason are false.

Answer: (d)

Q98. Plant decomposers are

1. Protista and Animalia
2. Monera and Fungi
3. Fungi and Plants
4. Animalia and Monera

Answer: (b)

Q99. Select the wrong statement.

1. The viroids were discovered by D.J. Ivanowsky.
2. The term 'contagium vivum fluidum' was coined by M. W. Beijerinck.
3. Mosaic disease in tobacco and AIDS in human being are caused by viruses.
4. W.M. Stanley showed that viruses could be crystallised.

Answer: (a)

Viroids are infectious RNA particles which were discovered by T.O. Diener (1971). These are devoid of protein coat and cause diseases in plants only, e.g., potato spindle tuber, chrysanthemum stunt, etc.

Q100. Which of the following statements is not correct for methanogens?

1. Methane is their preferred carbon source.
2. They are archaebacteria.
3. They live in marshy areas.
4. They are present in guts of several ruminant animals (cow, buffaloes) and produce biogas ($CH_{4}$) from the dung of these animals.

Answer: (a)

Methanogens are archaebacteria that live in marshy area produce methane as a metabolic by-product in anoxic conditions. Methane is not their preferred carbon source.

NEET Biology Syllabus: NCERT Biology Subject & Topic-wise MCQ Test, Quizzes, & Notes PDF for NEET 2024 Exam

Unlike the other Physic & Chemistry subjects, NEET Biology comprises two main classification as Zoology and Botany. This is why the NEET Biology syllabus becomes more important as the syllabus is vast area to cover with more chapters & topics. The topics covered under the NEET Biology syllabus 2024 are given below followed table by the best ways to be referred to cement the concepts & practice well for NEET 2024 Examination.