Free Photosynthesis In Higher Plants (Weekly Quiz: 2) NEET Biology Questions & Answers with Detailed Explanation & Full Review

Free Photosynthesis In Higher Plants (Weekly Quiz: 2) Time:

Question-1

Which one of the following is not a limiting factor for photosynthesis?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)


Question-2

In case of $C_{4}$ pathway, in the first step is

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)


Question-3

The first action spectrum of photosynthesis is described often as an experiment of

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)


Question-4

In $C_4$ plants, the mesophyll cells are connected with bundle sheath cells with the help of

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)


Question-5

Chlorophyll a occurs in

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Answer: (b)

Chlorophyll-a occurs in all photosynthesizing plants except bacteria. Chlorophyll-a is common to all organisms that possess chlorophyll (the only one in blue green algae) and is believed to be specifically required. In a few photosynthetic bacteria other kinds of chlorophyll, bacteriochlorophylls occur.


Question-6

In $C_4$ plants, $CO_2$ fixation is done by

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Answer: (b)

The $C_4$ plants have a characteristic leaf anatomy called kranz anatomy. Here two types of chloroplasts are present - bundle sheath chloroplasts and mesophyll chloroplasts. In $C_4$ plants, there are two carboxylation reactions which occur first in mesophyll chloroplasts and then in bundle sheath chloroplasts. $CO_2$ acceptor molecule in mesophyll chloroplasts is PEP (Phosphoenol pyruvate) and not Ribulose 1, 5-biphosphate. Further it has enzyme PEP-carboxylase for initial $CO_2$ fixation. RuBP-carboxylase is absent in mesophyll chloroplasts but is present in bundle sheath chloroplasts. The first product formed is oxaloacetic acid and hence it is known as $C_4$ cycle. Bundle sheath cells fix $CO_2$ through $C_3$ cycle.


Question-7

ATP synthesis, in photosynthesis involves the

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Answer: (b)

ATP synthesis is linked to the development of a proton gradient across the membranes of thylakoid.


Question-8

The principle of limiting factors was proposed by

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)


Question-9

$C_4$ plants are more efficient in photosynthesis than $C_3$ plants due to

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Answer: (d)

Rate of net photosynthesis in $C_3$ plants is 15- 35 mg $CO_2$/$dm^2$/hr while in $C_4$ plants is 40-80 mg $CO_2$/$dm^2$/hr. This variation in rate is due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is an inhibitory process which decreases the rate of photosynthesis. In excess of oxygen RuBP carboxylase converts to RuBP oxygenase. As a result glycolate synthesis is enhanced and leads to begin photorespiration. Photorespiration is negligible or absent in $C_4$ plants and present only in $C_3$ plants. So $C_4$ plants are photosynthetically more efficient.


Question-10

Chemiosmotic theory of ATP synthesis in the chloroplasts and mitochondria is based on

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Answer: (d)

Chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis is the most widely accepted explanation for oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria and photophosphorylation in thylakoid membranes. Mitchell proposed the idea of chemiosmotic coupling. He suggested that a concentration gradient of protons is established across the mitochondrial membrane because there is an accumulation of hydrogen ions on one side of the mitochondrial membrane. The proton accumulation is necessary for energy transfer to the endergonic ADP phosphorylation process.


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