Reproduction In Organisms Study Notes & Free Download Materials (NCERT Class 12 - Chapter: 1) - For NEET Biology Exam Preparation
In this article, we have complied with very important informations & Study materials on the "Reproduction In Organisms Topic" for the current NTA NEET UG 2024 Examination. Get complete syllabus based topic-wise seperate Practice Test Series, Daily MCQ Quizzes, & Study material notes for all NEET Biology Preparation which help to clear this year NEET exam 2024.
Tabel of Content :
- Asexual Reproduction
The period from birth to the natural death of an organism represents its lifespan. Whatever be the lifespan, death of every individual organism is a certainty, i.e. no individual is immortal, except single-celled organisms.
Reproduction is a vital biological process by which living organisms produce new individuals of their own species.
It enables continuity of species. Reproduction is of two types asexual and sexual.
Asexual Reproduction
It involves the participation of a single parent to produce an offspring. As a result, the offspring produced are morphologically and genetically similar to one another and also to their parents and can be referred to as clones.
The unit of reproduction is commonly formed from the somatic cells of the parent. Meiosis does not occur in asexual reproduction.
Asexual reproduction is common among single-celled organisms and in plants and animals with relatively simpler body organisation.
Cell division itself is a mode of reproduction in protists, e.g. Amoeba and monerans. In bacteria, the parent cell divides into two to give rise to new individuals.
It may take place by following methods
During unfavourable conditions, the products of multiple fission become individually surrounded by resistant coats, i.e. cyst (encystation) and gets released, once favourable condition arises sporulation occurs. It is seen in Amoeba.
In Monera, Protista, Fungi and Algae, spores formed can be of following main types
- Pseudopodiospore (with fine pseudopodia) – Amoeba
- Zoospores (motile and flagellated) – Chlamydomonas and Ulothrix
- Conidia (non-motile) – Penicillium
- Sporangiospores (non-motile) – Rhizopus
While in animals and other simple organisms, the term asexual is used unambiguously, in plants, the term vegetative reproduction is frequently used.
In plants, units of vegetative propagation such as runner, rhizome, sucker, tuber, offset, bulb, etc., have capability to give rise to new offspring. These structures are known as vegetative propagules.