Free Biotechnology And Its Applications (Monthly Quiz: 1) NEET Biology Questions & Answers with Detailed Explanation & Full Review

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Question-1

Use of genetically modified crops in crop field may

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Question-2

Find the correct statements from the following.
  1. Gene therapy is a genetic engineering technique used to treat diseases at molecular level.
  2. Calcitoninis medically useful recombinant product in the treatment of infertility.
  3. Bt toxin is a biodegradable insecticide obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Answer: (c)

Statements I and III are correct, while statement II is incorrect and can be corrected as

Calcitonin is a thyroid hormone, which regulates the concentration of calcium and phosphorus in the blood. It has no correlation with the treatment of infertility.

Question-3

Transgenic plants are the ones

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Answer: (b)

Transgenic plants are the ones generated by introducing foreign DNA into a cell and regenerating a plant from that cell.

Question-4

In which of the following plants, resistance against a nematode was introduced by implying RNAi?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Answer: (c)

Tobacco plants have been made resistant to nematodes using RNAi, which is a cellular defence mechanism against viruses.

Question-5

Which statement is correct about golden rice .
  1. It is a transgenic variety of rice.
  2. It contains a good quality of β-carotene (provitamin-A).
  3. β-carotene is a principal source of vitamin-C.
  4. The grains of the rice are red in colour due to β-carotene.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Answer: (b)

Statements I and II are correct statements about golden rice. Statements III and IV are incorrect and can be corrected as

  • It contains 'beta-carotene' gene from daffodil plants and also genes from some bacteria. This gene codes for β-carotene which is a principal source of vitamin-A. Golden rice corrected the night blindness caused due to the deficiency of vitamin-A.
  • The rice grains are golden yellow in colour due to the presence of β-carotene.

Question-6

Assertion (A) RNAi is a cellular defence mechanism in eukaryotes.
Reason (R)It is silencing of a specific tRNA.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Answer: (c)

Assertion is true, but Reason is false. Reason can be corrected as

RNAi (RNA interference) takes place in all eukaryotic organisms as a method of cellular defence. This method involves silencing of a specific mRNA due to a complementary ds RNA molecule that binds to and prevents translation of the mRNA (silencing).

Question-7

Assertion (A) Many crops are incorporated with foreign genes to make them tolerant to abiotic stresses.
Reason (R)Genomes of many plants are manipulated or altered by combining them with other genes to get desired traits.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Answer: (b)

Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

The genomes of plants are manipulated or altered by combining them with other genes to get desired traits. GM crops are the crops with incorporated foreign genes that have made more tolerant to abiotic stresses (cold, drought, salt, heat, etc).

Question-8

Golden rice is a

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Question-9

What is the demerit of using bovine insulin (from cow) and porcine insulin (from pig) in diabetic patients?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Answer: (c)

Insulin obtained from the pancreas of cattle and pigs, though caused some patients to develop allergy or other types of reactions in response to the foreign protein.

Question-10

Genetic engineering is useful for

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Question-11

The following are the advantages of GM crops except

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Question-12

The site of production of ADA in the body is

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Answer: (a)

ADA is a genetic (inherited) condition that results in an immune deficiency disorder called severe combined immunodeficiency disease. The main site of production of ADA in the body is lymphocytes [a form of small leucocyte (white blood cell) with a single round nucleus, occurring especially in the lymphatic system and which plays a large role in defending the body against disease].

Question-13

In RNAi, genes are silenced using

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Question-14

Transgenic plants are the ones:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Answer: (b)

Transgenic plants are the ones generated by introducing foreign DNA into a cell and regenerating a plant from that cell.

Question-15

The term 'humulin' is used for

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Answer: (a)

Human insulin (humulin) is the first therapeutic product produced by means of recombinant DNA technology by Eli lilly and Co. on July 5, 1983.

Question-16

Transgenic plants are the ones

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Question-17

Some of the characteristics of Bt cotton are:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Answer: (d)

Bt toxin genes were isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis and incorporated into cotton plant to form a genetically modified crop called Bt cotton. Bt cotton has high yield and resistance to bollworms.

Question-18

Which of the following is true for Golden rice?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Explanation:

Answer: (d)

This statement is true.

Golden rice is genetically engineered variety of rice to biosynthesise β-carotene which is a precursor of vitamin-A. It contains psy gene (phytoene synthase) which is derived from daffodil. Other statements are incorrect for golden rice and can be corrected as

  • The grains of golden rice appear yellow due to high level of β-carotene in it.
  • Golden rice is neither drought tolerant nor pest resistant.

Question-19

cDNA probes are copied from the messenger RNA molecules with the help of –

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Question-20

Over 95 per cent of all existing transgenic animals are

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Molecular Basis Of Inheritance

Quiz 32

Biotechnology Principles And Processes

Quiz 33

Biotechnology And Its Applications

Quiz 34

Organisms And Populations

Quiz 35

Ecosystem

Quiz 36

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