FREE NEET Biology Practice MCQ Test: Photosynthesis In Higher Plants Exercise 1 Questions Answers With Detailed Explanations [PDF]

Answer: (b)

Photosystem II has almost equal number of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b molecules. It is dark green in colour and located mostly in the appressed parts of grana thylakoids towards the inner surface of membranes.

Answer: (c)

$C_4$ pathway was first reported in members of Family Gramineae (grasses) like sugarcane, maize, sorghum, etc. In C4 plants, PEP case (PEP carboxylase) is the key enzyme used to fix $CO_2$ in $C_4$ plants. Oxaloacetic acid is a 4-C compound and is the first stable product so this pathway is known as $C_4$ cycle.

Phosphoenol pyruvic acid + Carbon dioxide $→ ↖ {\text"PEP - carboxylase"}$ Oxaloacetic acid

Answer: (d)

Answer: (c)

In Calvin cycle, $CO_2$ is accepted by Ribulose - 1, 5 - diphosphate (RuDP) already present in the cells and a 6-carbon addition compound is formed which is unstable. It soon gets converted into 2 molecules of 3-phosphoglyceric acid due to hydrolysis and dismutation. Phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP) and Phosphoglyceric acid (PGA) are formed in glycolysis.

Answer: (b)

Answer: (c)

In $C_{4}$ plants, photosynthesis occurs in chloroplast of mesophyll and bundle sheath cells. While in $C_{3}$ plants photosynthesis occurs only in mesophyll cells.

Answer: (c)

Answer: (b)

Answer: (b)

Answer: (b)

Answer: (b)

Maximum solar energy is trapped by growing algae in tanks. The light spectrum of red and blue light are most effective in performing photosynthesis for growing algae.

Answer: (a)

In $C_{4}$ plants, a 4 - C compound oxaloacetic acid (OAA) is the first stable product, and phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP) is the $CO_{2}$ acceptor. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme PEP carboxylase or PEP case in mesophyll cells of the leaf.

Answer: (d)

Answer: (c)

Photosynthesis takes place only in the visible part (400 - 700 nm wavelength) of electromagnetic radiations. Hence, this component comprises the photo-synthetically active radiation.

Answer: (d)

Answer: (b)

During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds. Factors which influence the rate of photosynthesis are of two kinds - external (environmental) or internal. The amount of light, the carbon dioxide supply, temperature, water supply, and the availability of minerals are the most important environmental factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis in land plants. Plants factors affecting photosynthesis includes number, age, size and orientation of leaves, mesophyll cells and chloroplast, internal $CO_{2}$ concentration and the amount of chlorophyll.

Answer: (c)

Answer: (d)

The dark reactions of photosynthesis is purely enzymatic and slower than the primary photochemical reaction. It takes place in stroma portion of the chloroplast and is independent of lighti.e., it can occur either in presence or in absence of light provided that assimilatory power is available.

Answer: (d)

Answer: (c)

Number of carbons in the primary $CO_{2}$ fixation product of $C_{4}$ plant is 4. The $C_{4}$ acid, oxaloacetic acid (OAA) is formed in the mesophyic cells.