FREE NEET Biology Practice MCQ Test: Cell The Unit Of Life Exercise 1 Questions Answers With Detailed Explanations [PDF]

Answer: (d)

Ribosome is a small spherical body within a living cell that is the site of protein synthesis. Ribosomes consist of two subunits, one large and one small, each of which comprises some RNA (called ribosomal RNA) and proteins. They do not have any DNA.

Answer: (c)

Answer: (a)

Prokaryotes have simple flagella without microtubules whereas eukaryotes have complex cilia and flagella which consists of microtubules arranged in 9+2 fashion (an outer ring of nine pairs surrounding 1 center pair).

Answer: (d)

Centromere is a part of a chromosome that attaches to the spindle during cell division. A chromosome with the centromere close to one end is acrocentric.

Answer: (d)

All of these

Answer: (d)

Answer: (a)

Answer: (c)

Middle lamella is the cementing layer between the cells. It is made up of Ca and Mg pectates.

Answer: (d)

Glyoxysomes are small, spherical vesicles enclosed by a single unit membrane. Glyoxysomes are generally found in cells of yeast, Neurospora and in germinating fatty seeds where fat is being converted into carbohydrates, i.e., glyoxylate cycle (gluconeogenesis).

Answer: (c)

Middle lamella is mainly composed of calcium pectate. Calcium pectate is like a glue binding adjacent cells together. So if inadequate calcium is transported during cell formation, tissues become less stable and prone to disintegration.

Answer: (b)

Magnification of compound microscope is not connected with numerical aperture. The magnifying power is represented by the symbol 'X'. The total magnification of a microscope is obtained by multiplying the objective magnification and ocular lens magnification e.g., if the magnifying power of an ocular lens is 10X and of the objective is 40X, then the total magnifying power of a microscope is 10 × 40 = 400X.

Answer: (a)

Answer: (c)

The given figure shows endoplasmic reticulum bearing ribosomes on their surface. It is called rough endoplasmic reticulum or RER. RER is actively involved in protein synthesis and secretion.

Answer: (d)

Answer: (a)

A centriole is a barrel-shaped cell structure found in most animal eukaryotic cells, though absent in higher plants and most fungi.

Answer: (a)

Answer: (d)

Answer: (b)

Answer: (a)

Cytoplasm is a granular, crystal-colloidal complex that forms the living protoplasm of a cell excluding its nucleus. It consists of proteins, nucleic acids, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, waste metabolites, and all the organelles. It is the main area for various types of activities of a cell like respiration, nutrition, storage, etc.

Answer: (a)