FREE NEET Biology Practice MCQ Test: Biotechnology Principles And Processes Exercise 3 Questions Answers With Detailed Explanations [PDF]

Answer: (a)

Taq polymerase, generally used in PCR is isolated from thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus.

Answer: (c)

Answer: (c)

Answer: (d)

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique used to make numerous copies of a specific segment of DNA quickly and accurately. This technique enables investigators to obtain the large quantities of DNA that are required for various experiments and procedures in molecular biology, forensic analysis, evolutionary biology, and medical diagnostics. In the procedure, DNA polymerase had to be replenished after every cycle due to instability at the high temperatures which are needed for denaturation. This problem was solved in 1987 with the discovery of a heat-stable DNA polymerase called Taq, an enzyme isolated from the thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus, which inhabits hot springs.

Answer: (a)

Answer: (a)

If a linear DNA molecule is digested using a restriction enzyme having 4 recognition sites, it will produce 5 fragments.

Answer: (a)

Answer: (b)

Answer: (d)

Answer: (d)

Answer: (d)

Answer: (a)

Answer: (d)

Answer: (d)

Answer: (a)

Answer: (d)

Answer: (a)

Answer: (d)

Retroviruses in animals have the ability to transform normal cells into cancerous cells. We have transformed these pathogens into useful vectors for delivering genes of interest to humans. Retroviruses have been disarmed and are now used to deliver desirable genes into animal cells. So, once a gene or a DNA fragment has been ligated into a suitable retroviral vector it is transferred into a bacterial, plant or animal host (where it multiplies).

Answer: (d)

PCR is a technique of synthesising multiple copies of the desired gene (or DNA) of interest in vitro. The basic requirements of PCR are DNA template, two sets of primers and the enzyme (Taq polymerase).

Answer: (a)