FREE NEET Biology Practice MCQ Test: Biotechnology And Its Applications Exercise 3 Questions Answers With Detailed Explanations [PDF]

Answer: (c)

B thuringiensis forms protein crystals during a particular phase of their growth.

Answer: (a)

Hirudin protein prevents blood clotting. The gene that codes for this protein has been synthesized chemically and then transferred to Brassica napus for it to accumulate in the seeds.

Answer: (d)

The patient has a defective gene for the enzyme Adenosine Deaminase (ADA). This enzyme is involved in maturation of B and T-lymphocytes and is crucial for the functioning of immune system due to this, he/she lacks functional lymphocytes and therefore, fails to fight the infecting pathogens.

Answer: (d)

In 1997, the first transgenic cow, Rosie, produced human protein enriched milk. The milk contained the human alpha-lactalbumin and was nutritionally a more balanced product for human babies than natural cow milk. Isolation of DNA from other macromolecules is achieved by treating the bacterial cells/plant or animal tissue with enzymes such as lysozyme (bacteria), cellulase (plant cells), chitinase (fungus).

Answer: (c)

Answer: (c)

Answer: (c)

Bt toxin protein crystals present in bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis, do not kill the bacterium itself. This is because the toxin occurs as inactive protoxin in bacterium.

Answer: (a)

Bt cotton is the first and only transgenic crop approved initially for cultivation by the farmers in India in six states namely, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu.

Answer: (c)

RNAi is a method of cellular defense in all eukaryotes. It is a system within living cells that helps to control the activity of specific genes. This method involves silencing of mRNA due to complementary double stranded RNA that prevents translation of target gene or mRNA [silencing]. Source of ds RNA is retrovirus (having RNA genome) or transposons (mobile genetic material).

Answer: (a)

Insulin is now being commercially produced by genetic engineering with the help of E.coli bacteria.

Answer: (b)

The first human hormone produced by recombinant DNA technology is insulin. It is a peptide hormone, which controls the level of glucose in blood.

Answer: (c)

GEAC stands for Genetic Engineering Approval Committee. The Indian government has set up this organisation to make decisions regarding the validity of GM research and the safety of introducing GM-organisms for public services.

Answer: (d)

Answer: (c)

Answer: (d)

α- antitrypsin is a protease inhibitor which is produced by the introduction of specific sequence of DNA or genes that codes for a particular product in the transgenic animals. It is used to treat emphysema as it inhibits the enzymes of inflammatory cells that contributes to the respiratory complications.

Answer: (b)

Answer: (c)

Answer: (d)

Emphysema is a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness. The protein alpha - 1 antitrypsin is used to treat the emphysema. Alpha - 1 antitrypsin is a protein made by cells in the liver and passes out into the bloodstream and can travel to the lungs. Its main function is to protect the lungs from damage caused by other types of proteins.

Answer: (d)

Answer: (d)

All the statements are correct.