FREE NEET Biology Practice MCQ Test: Biological Classification Exercise 1 Questions Answers With Detailed Explanations [PDF]

Answer: (b)

The archaebacteria are the 'ancient' bac - teria that include extremophiles like methanogens, halophiles and thermophiles. They represent some of the most ancient of life forms that persist today. They have both eubacterial and eukaryotic characters besides the features unique to them. Their mode of reproduction, nutrition and cell shape and size resembles a typical eubacteria. Their cell walls are made of a variety of polymers, but do not contain peptidoglycan unlike eubacteria. Lipids of their cytoplasmic membranes are ether linked unlike eubacteria which contain glycerol ester lipids in their cell membrane.

Answer: (d)

Ciliates differ from other protozoans in having two types of nuclei : macronucleus and micronucleus (nuclear dimorphism). E.g., Paramecium has macronucleus which controls metabolic activities as well as growth and micronucleus that takes part in reproduction.

Answer: (a)

Answer: (b)

Diatoms are very important photosynthesizers. About half of all the organic matter synthesized in the world is believed to be produced by them. Diatoms are probably the most numerous of all plants like protists. Because of this abundance, they are one of the most important primary producers of the sea. There are about 5,500 species of diatoms, mainly marine. The diatoms constitute an important phytoplankton component of the oceans.

Answer: (c)

In fungi, asexual reproduction takes place by spores called conidia or sporangiospores or zoospores, and sexual reproduction is by oospores, ascospores and basidiospores.

Answer: (c)

Answer: (d)

Plasmodium is digenetic i.e., it completes its life cycle in two hosts, asexual cycle in man and sexual cycle in Anopheles mosquito. The breeding places of this mosquito is ponds, marshes, swampy areas etc. So, if all the ponds and puddles are destroyed, Anopheles will not be able to survive leading to destruction of its parasite, Plasmodium.

Answer: (a)

Answer: (b)

Answer: (b)

Answer: (b)

Answer: (c)

Answer: (d)

Cholera is a bacterial disease caused by the pathogen, Vibrio cholerae.

Answer: (b)

Phenetic classification is purely based on appearances. Phylogenetic classification is based on ancestral lineage. Karyotaxonomy is based on DNA characteristics. Morphotaxonomy involves morphological characters.

Answer: (d)

Answer: (d)

Penicillium and Aspergillus both produce toxins in stored seeds and grains. Aspergillus produces aflatoxin in fruits, vegetables, food grains and seeds etc. Penicillium produces yellow rice toxins in rice, barley and corns.

Answer: (b)

Bacterial cells do not have nucleus. Nuclear material of bacteria lies free in the cell in the form of an irregular, thin fibrillar and circular single molecule of DNA called nucleoid or chromatin body.

Answer: (c)

Answer: (b)

E. coli bacteria acts as a human symbionts and it is found in human intestine, synthesize vitamin K and B and also help in food fermentation. It is easily cultured in any nutrient medium in the laboratory.

Answer: (c)