FREE NEET Biology Practice MCQ Test: Anatomy Of Flowering Plants Exercise 1 Questions Answers With Detailed Explanations [PDF]

Answer: (b)

Lenticels are lens shaped openings occuring in stems of most of the woody trees. It permits the exchange of gases between the outer atmosphere and the internal tissue of the stem.

Answer: (b)

Answer: (d)

Answer: (a)

Cellulose microfibrils are arranged radially rather than longitudinally which makes easy for the stomata to open.

Answer: (a)

Pericycle in roots is active in the formation of root branches or lateral roots.

Answer: (a)

Apical meristems are situated at the tips of the root and shoot. They take part in initial growth. Plants elongate and increase in height as a result of divisions in this meristem. Promeristem and primary meristem (root and shoot apices) are included in this type of meristem.

Answer: (a)

Answer: (d)

Answer: (d)

The innermost layer of the cortex is called endodermis. It comprises a single layer of barrel shaped cells without any intercellular spaces. In roots thick walled endodermal cells are interrupted by thin walled passage cells or transfusion tissue.

Answer: (b)

Monocot trees such as palms grow in thickness by primary thickening meristem situated at the base of the leaf. Plants like Dracaena show secondary growth by a special cambium. It develops in the form of strips just outside the vascular region. These cambial strips produce secondary vascular bundles which is amphivasal in Dracaena.

Answer: (d)

Endodermis is single layered structure which separates cortex from stele. The cells of endodermis are barrel-shaped without intercellular spaces, living and containing starch. The radial and tangential walls of endodermal cells possess thickenings of lignin, suberin and cutin in the form of strips or bands, which are known as casparian bands or casparian strips.

Answer: (d)

Guard cells are specialized cells in the epidermis of leaves, stems and other organs that are used to control gas exchange. The guard cells are produced in pairs with a gap between them that forms a stomatal pore. Guard cells are dumbbell shaped in monocots (e.g grasses) and bean shaped in dicots.

Answer: (b)

Answer: (d)

Answer: (b)

Answer: (b)

Answer: (c)

Answer: (c)

Apical, intercalary and lateral meristems are differentiated on the basis of position. Apical meristem is situated at the shoot apex and the root apex. Intercalary meristem is present at the base of internodes, e.g., in grasses or at the base of leaves e.g., in Pinus or at the base of nodes, e.g., mint. Lateral meristems are present along the lateral sides of stem and roots.

Answer: (d)

Answer: (c)

Heartwood differs from sapwood in having dead and non-conducting elements. In old trees, the inner region that comprises dead elements with highly lignified walls is called heartwood. Heartwood does not conduct water but gives mechanical support to the stem. On the other hand, the peripheral region, which is lighter in colour are called sapwood. It is involved in the conduction of water and minerals from root to leaf.