Free Biotechnology Principles And Processes (Daily Quiz: 5) NEET Biology Questions & Answers with Detailed Explanation & Full Review

Answer: (c)

A : A microinjection which is used to inject a liquid substance at a microscopic or borderline macroscopic level with the help of glass micropipette to make cells competent

B : Taq DNA polymerase is a heat stable enzyme used in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify segments of DNA in the lab. It was discovered in the heat-loving bacterium Thermus aquaticus, and without it, DNA cannot be amplified.

C : Ampicillin is an antibiotic. It is a semi-synthetic form of penicillin used to treat infections of the urinary and respiratory tracts.

D : Ethidium bromide is a molecule commonly used to visualize DNA in agarose gel electrophoresis experiments. It both binds to DNA and fluoresces under proper conditions. It is known as an intercalating agent and when it is exposed to ultraviolet light, ethidium bromide fluoresces.

Answer: (a)

Viruses that infect bacterial cells are called bacteriophages. Often, a viral infection results in the death of the host. A major protective strategy for the host is to use restriction endonucleases (restriction enzymes) to degrade the viral DNA on its introduction into a cell. These enzymes recognize particular base sequences called recognition sequences or recognition sites, in their target DNA and cleave that DNA at defined positions.

Answer: (a)

During 'gene cloning' the plasmid vector is called a gene taxi. Desired genes are inserted into plasmids, then the plasmid with the added gene are delivered into a living bacterium.